Aluminium chloride

\( \newcommand\) • • • • • • • • • • • This page discusses the structures of the chlorides of the Period 3 elements (sodium to sulfur), their physical properties and their reactions with water. Chlorine and argon are omitted—chlorine because it is meaningless to talk about "chlorine chloride", and argon because it is inert and does not form a chloride. A quick summary of the trends The chlorides of interest are given in the table below: NaCl MgCl 2 AlCl 3 SiCl 4 PCl 5 S 2Cl 2 PCl 3 Sulfur forms three chlorides, but S 2Cl 2 is most common. Aluminum chloride also exists under some conditions as a dimer, Al 2Cl 6. • The structures: Sodium chloride and magnesium chloride are ionic and consist of large ionic lattices at room temperature. Aluminum chloride and phosphorus(V) chloride are more complicated. They change their structures from ionic to covalent as their solids transition to liquids or vapors. This is discussed in greater detail below. The other chlorides are simple covalent molecules. • Melting and boiling points: Sodium and magnesium chlorides are solids with high melting and boiling points because of the large amount of heat which is needed to break the strong ionic attractions. • The rest are liquids or low melting point solids. Leaving aside the aluminum chloride and phosphorus(V) chloride cases where the situation is quite complicated, the attractions in the others will be much weaker intermolecular forces such as van der Waals dispersion forces. These vary depen...

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Russell L. Rasmussen, ... Karen W. Morse, in Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology (Third Edition), 2003 II.BAluminum Chloride Aluminum chloride is noteworthy as a Lewis acid and is extensively used as such in the Friedel–Crafts alkylation and acylation of aromatic hydrocarbons. This property is evidenced in the structure of the compound. While the crystal consists of an “ionic” lattice, with each aluminum ion surrounded by six chloride ions in an octahedral array, the compound becomes a dimeric molecule in the nonconducting liquid phase and in the gas phase. This molecule, Al 2Cl 6, consists of tetrahedrally coordinated aluminum with two chlorine atoms bridging the two aluminum atoms, effectively a Lewis acid–base adduct of one monomer to another. Aluminum chloride has many advantages as a Lewis acid catalyst, but rapid hydrolysis by atmospheric moisture precludes its use for many reactions. The catalyst can be incorporated into PS by swelling the PS in carbon disulfide and adding aluminum chloride. 72, 73 After thorough washing with various solvents, including water, the dried polymer–reagent catalyzes ether formation from dicyclopropylmethanol as in equation (1). This alcohol is very sensitive to acid-catalyzed rearrangement, yet the symmetrical ether is formed in high yield, and no rearranged product is detected. PS–aluminum chloride is also an effective catalyst for ester and acetal formation. 74, 75 Pyridine bromide is a useful reagent for halogenation of a...

Overview Anhydrous aluminum chloride (aluminum trichloride, AlCl 3) is an odorless, white or yellow crystalline solid that reacts violently with water to liberate hydrogen chloride (HCL) gas. AlCl 3 will also sublime readily at 178 Celsius to yield hydrogen chloride gas. The solid and gas byproduct are both highly corrosive to eyes, skin and mucous membranes. AlCl 3 is not combustible; however, conventional ABC or BC fire extinguishers should never be used. Emergency Procedures Skin Contact : Brush off any visible solids. Rinse with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention as needed. Thoroughly clean contaminated clothing and shoes before reuse. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Drink 2-3 glasses of water and seek medical attention immediately. All other exposures: Follow regular Emergency Procedures guidelines for eye exposure or inhalation. Seek medical attention as needed. Fire: Use Class D extinguisher, such as Met-L-X or smother the fire with dry sand. Do not use water, carbon dioxide or halogenated extinguishing agents. Spill : Control all sources of moisture. Wearing personal protective equipment, cover the spill with sand. Scoop spilled materials with spark-resistant tools and place in a container for disposal. DO NOT USE WATER. Handling Wear safety glasses, impervious gloves and a fire-retardant laboratory coat. Control ignition sources and avoid dust formation. Avoid contact with water or moisture. Keep a supply of dry sand availa...

Group of specific aluminium salts having the general formula AlnCl(3n-m)(OH)m Aluminium chlorohydrate is a group of water-soluble, n (3n-m)( m. It is used in cosmetics as an In water purification, this compound is preferred in some cases because of its high Uses [ ] Aluminium chlorohydrate is one of the most common active ingredients in commercial 2Cl(OH) 5. Aluminium chlorohydrate is also used as a Safety [ ] The U.S. Alzheimer's disease [ ] Studies have found only a negligible association between exposure to and long-term use of antiperspirants and Heather M. Snyder, the senior associate director of medical and scientific relations for the Alzheimer's Association, has stated, "There was a lot of research that looked at the link between Alzheimer's and aluminium, and there hasn't been any definitive evidence to suggest there is a link". Breast cancer [ ] The International Journal of Fertility and Women's Medicine found no evidence that certain chemicals used in underarm cosmetics increase the risk of However, there is continued concern over the use of aluminium chlorohydrate in cosmetics as the risk of toxic build up over time has not been ruled out. Structure [ ] Aluminium chlorohydrate is best described as an inorganic polymer and as such is difficult to structurally characterize. However, techniques such as 27Al-NMR have been used in research by various groups including that of Nazar 13 units with a Synthesis [ ] Aluminium chlorohydrate can be commercially manufactured...

Aluminium Chloride (AlCl3) What Is Aluminium Chloride (AlCl3)? Aluminium chloride is also referred to as aluminium trichloride or aluminium (III) chloride. The compound is formed when aluminium and chlorine are reacted together. Its chemical formula is written as AlCl 3. As for physical appearance, aluminium chloride is usually white in colour. However, due to the presence of contaminants (iron(III) chloride), it acquires a yellowish colour. Industrially, aluminium chloride is used in the production of aluminium metal, but it also has a wide range of uses in the chemical industry, particularly as a Lewis acid. Solid aluminium chloride (AlCl 3) is A Danish physicist and chemist named Hans Christian Oersted discovered aluminium chloride for the first time in the year 1825. This chemical compound is one of the oldest chemicals used, especially in the branch of Table of Contents • • 3 Structure • • • Overview IUPAC Name Aluminium Chloride Other Names Aluminium(III) Chloride Aluminum Trichloride Chemical Formula AlCl 3 Molar Mass • 133.341 g/mol (anhydrous) • 241.432 g/mol (hexahydrate) Density • 2.48 g/cm 3 (anhydrous) • 2.398 g/cm 3 (hexahydrate) Melting Point • 192.6°C (anhydrous) • 100°C (hexahydrate, dec.) Boiling Point 180°C Solubility in Water 439 g/l (0 °C) 449 g/l (10 °C) 458 g/l (20 °C) 466 g/l (30 °C) 473 g/l (40 °C) 481 g/l (60 °C) 486 g/l (80 °C) 490 g/l (100 °C) Vapour Pressure 133.3 Pa (99 °C) 13.3 kPa (151 °C) Viscosity 0.35 cP (197 °C) 0.26 cP (2...