Amantadine

Amantadine (Oral) Generic name: amantadine [ a-MAN-ta-deen] Drug classes: • • • • • • Uses for amantadine Amantadine is an antidyskinetic medicine. It is used to treat Parkinson's disease (sometimes called "paralysis agitans" or "shaking palsy") and its symptoms, including dyskinesia (sudden uncontrolled movements). It may be given alone or in combination with other medicines (eg, levodopa) for Parkinson's disease. By improving muscle control and reducing stiffness, this medicine allows more normal movements of the body as the disease symptoms are reduced. Amantadine is also used to treat stiffness and shakiness caused by certain medicines that are used to treat nervous, mental, and emotional conditions. Amantadine is also an antiviral medicine. It is used to prevent or treat certain influenza (flu) infections (type A). It may be given alone or together with flu shots. Amantadine will not work for colds, other types of flu, or other virus infections. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription. Before using amantadine In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered: Allergies Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, p...

• Take this medicine exactly as directed by your doctor. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. • This medicine comes with a Medication Guide or patient information leaflet. Read and follow these instructions carefully. Ask your doctor if you have any questions. • Do not stop using this medicine suddenly without asking your doctor. You may need to slowly decrease your dose before stopping it completely. • Improvement in the symptoms of Parkinson's disease usually occurs in about 2 days. However, in some patients, this medicine must be taken for up to 2 weeks before the full benefit is seen. For patients taking amantadine to prevent or treat flu infections: • Talk to your doctor about the possibility of getting a flu shot if you have not had one yet. • This medicine is best taken before exposure or right away after exposure to people who have the flu. • To help keep yourself from getting the flu, keep taking this medicine for the full time of treatment. Or if you already have the flu, continue taking this medicine for the full time of treatment even if you begin to feel better after a few days. This will help clear up your infection completely. If you stop taking this medicine too soon, your symptoms may return. This medicine should be taken for at least 2 days after all your flu symptoms have disappeared. • This medicine works best when there is a constant amount in the blood. To help keep the amoun...

• العربية • تۆرکجه • Čeština • Cymraeg • Deutsch • Español • فارسی • Français • Հայերեն • Bahasa Indonesia • Italiano • Қазақша • Magyar • Nederlands • 日本語 • Norsk bokmål • ଓଡ଼ିଆ • Polski • Português • Română • Русский • Slovenščina • کوردی • Српски / srpski • Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски • Suomi • Svenska • ไทย • Türkçe • Українська • Tiếng Việt • 中文 Key:DKNWSYNQZKUICI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y Amantadine, sold under the brand name Gocovri among others, is a Amantadine was first used for the treatment of Amantadine has a mild side effect profile. Common neurological side effects include drowsiness, light headedness, dizziness, and confusion. Chemical structure [ ] Amantadine (brand names Gocovri, Symadine, and Symmetrel 1-adamantylamine or 1-aminoadamantane, which consists of an Mechanism of action [ ] Parkinson's disease [ ] The mechanism of its antiparkinsonian effect is poorly understood. [ citation needed] In 2004, it was discovered that amantadine and memantine bind to and act as 1 receptor (K i = 7.44 μM and 2.60 μM, respectively), and that activation of the σ 1 receptor is involved in the dopaminergic effects of amantadine at therapeutically relevant concentrations. [ verification needed] Influenza [ ] The mechanisms for amantadine's antiviral and antiparkinsonian effects are unrelated. Amantadine and 2 channel and blocking pore function—i.e., proton translocation. Resistance to the drug class is a consequence of mutations to the pore-lining Pharmacokinetics [ ] Amantadine...

DESCRIPTION Amantadine hydrochloride, USP is designated chemically as 1-adamantanamine hydrochloride. Its molecular weight is 187.71 with a molecular formula C 10H 18NCl. It has the following structural formula: Amantadine hydrochloride, USP is a stable white or nearly white crystalline powder, freely soluble in water and soluble in alcohol and in chloroform. Amantadine hydrochloride, USP has pharmacological actions as both an anti-Parkinson and an antiviral drug. Amantadine hydrochloride, USP is available as 100 mg capsules for oral administration. Inactive ingredients: hydrogenated vegetable oil, lecithin, simethicone, soybean oil, white beeswax. The capsule shells contain: ferric oxide yellow, gelatin, glycerin, purified water, 1,4-sorbitan, mannitol, sorbitol, titanium dioxide, and light mineral oil. The imprinting ink contain: ammonia, black iron oxide, ethanol, n-butyl alcohol, propylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol. CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Pharmacodynamics Mechanism of Action Antiviral The mechanism by which Amantadine exerts its antiviral activity is not clearly understood. It appears to mainly prevent the release of infectious viral nucleic acid into the host cell by interfering with the function of the transmembrane domain of the viral M2 protein. In certain cases, Amantadine is also known to prevent virus assembly during virus replication. It does not appear to interfere with the immunogenicity of inactivated influenza A virus vaccine. Antiviral Activity Amantadine i...

Amantadine may cause some people to be agitated, irritable, or display other abnormal behaviors. It may also cause some people to have suicidal thoughts and tendencies or to become more depressed. Also tell your doctor if you have sudden or strong feelings, such as feeling nervous, angry, restless, violent, or scared. If you, your child, or your caregiver notice any of these adverse effects, tell your doctor or your child's doctor right away. Some people who have used this medicine had unusual changes in their behavior. Talk with your doctor right away if you start having unusual urges, such as gambling urges, binge or compulsive eating, compulsive shopping, or sexual urges while using this medicine. Drinking alcoholic beverages while taking this medicine may cause increased side effects, such as circulation problems, dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, or confusion. Do not drink alcoholic beverages while you are taking this medicine. This medicine may cause some people to become dizzy, drowsy, or lightheaded, or to have blurred vision or trouble concentrating. Do not drive or do anything else that could be dangerous until you know how this medicine affects you. Dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting may occur with this medicine, especially when you suddenly get up from a lying or sitting position. These symptoms are more likely to occur when you begin taking this medicine or when the dose is increased. Getting up slowly may help. If this problem continues or gets worse...

Usual Adult Dose for: • • • • Usual Geriatric Dose for: • • Usual Pediatric Dose for: • • Additional dosage information: • • • • • • Usual Adult Dose for Influenza Prophylaxis Initial dose: 200 mg/day orally in 1 or 2 divided doses Comments: • Twice-daily dosing may minimize CNS side effects; dose reduction to 100 mg/day may be necessary if higher dose is not tolerated. • Due to antiviral resistance, adamantanes which include amantadine and rimantadine, are not recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for treating and preventing influenza virus illness in the United States. • Influenza viruses change from season to season and can even change within the course of one flu season; updated guidance may be obtained at www.cdc.gov/flu Uses: For the prophylaxis and treatment of signs and symptoms of infection caused by various strains of influenza A virus. Usual Adult Dose for Influenza A Initial dose: 200 mg/day orally in 1 or 2 divided doses Comments: • Twice-daily dosing may minimize CNS side effects; dose reduction to 100 mg/day may be necessary if higher dose is not tolerated. • Due to antiviral resistance, adamantanes which include amantadine and rimantadine, are not recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for treating and preventing influenza virus illness in the United States. • Influenza viruses change from season to season and can even change within the course of one flu season; updated guidance may be obtained at w...