Centrioles

If you survived biology class, you may recall looking at grainy photos of cell structures, such as centrioles. As its name suggests, a centriole is usually near the center of a cell. The centriole is an organelle, and it plays an important part in cell division. Usually, centrioles are in pairs and located near the nucleus. The centrosome contains the centrioles in the cell. Also known as the microtubule-organizing center, the centrosome is an organelle. It has a pair of centrioles. A centriole usually has nine bundles of microtubules, which are hollow tubes that give organelles their shape, arranged in a ring. However, some species have fewer than nine bundles. The microtubules run parallel to each other. One bundle has a set of three microtubules, which are made from a protein called tubulin. Located near the center of the cell or the nucleus, the two centrioles are usually next to each other. However, they tend to be oriented at right angles to each other. Sometimes you may see them labeled as a mother and daughter centriole. In general, a centriole looks like a small, hollow cylinder. Unfortunately, you cannot see it until the cell is ready to start division. The main function of a centriole is to help chromosomes move inside the cell. The centrioles’ location depends on whether or not the cell is going through division. You can find centrioles being active during mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is cell division that leads to two daughter cells with the same number of chr...

Size and Shape A centriole is a small set of microtubules arranged in the form of an open-ended cylinder with a length of 0.3–0.7 um and a diameter of 0.15–0.25 um. Centrioles are visible under a light microscope but can be viewed in detail only under an Composition: What are Centrioles Made Of A centriole is made of nine sets of short microtubule triplets arranged in a cylinder with no central microtubules, making it a hollow center, this arrangement is thus called 9 + 0. Each triplet microtubule consists of a complete microtubule, the A-tubule, on which two additional partial microtubules, the B- and the C-tubules, are assembled. The adjacent microtubules are connected by С-A protein bonds, while the center contains a rod-shaped mass made of proteins, known as the hub. From the hub, develops nine protein strands towards the peripheral triplet microtubules called spokes. This makes the centriole looks like a cartwheel. Deviations from this arrangement are found in Brachyura species, embryos of Drosophila melanogaster, andsperm cells of Caenorhabditis elegans. Functions: What Does the Centriole Do In a Cell Main Functions Centrioles serve as the major microtubule-organizing centers, which is an important event in two major cellular processes: • Cell Division (allows chromosomes to move inside the cell): The centrioles play active roles in almost every phase of cell division. It helps in the formation of aster and • Formation of Occurs by a process known as ciliogenesis, ce...

Composition Most centrioles are made up of nine sets of microtubule triplets, with the exception of some species, such as crabs which have nine sets of microtubule doublets. There are a few other species that deviate from the standard centriole structure. Microtubules are composed of a single type of globular protein called tubulin. Bailey, Regina. "Role of Centrioles in Microbiology." ThoughtCo, Apr. 5, 2023, thoughtco.com/centrioles-373538. Bailey, Regina. (2023, April 5). Role of Centrioles in Microbiology. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/centrioles-373538 Bailey, Regina. "Role of Centrioles in Microbiology." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/centrioles-373538 (accessed June 15, 2023).

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