Cognitive domain

Remember Retain, recall and recognize knowledge Understand Translate and interpret knowledge Apply Apply knowledge to different situations Analyze Break down information to look at relationships Evaluate Make judgements based on evidence found Create Compile information to generate new solutions arrange define identify indicate label list match memorize recall recite recognize compare classify describe discuss explain give examples interpret paraphrase predict present report rewrite summarize calculate complete demonstrate execute illustrate implement modify organize practice prepare solve show use write categorize contrast compare criticize debate differentiate experiment inspect infer investigate organize outline question separate test attribute argue assess check compare conclude contrast criticize critique defend examine justify measure recommend support reflect arrange calculate compose construct design develop devise formulate generate hypothesize plan prepare produce propose revise summarize synthesize Learning Activities Assessments Remember Retain, recall and recognize knowledge • Flashcards • Highlight key words • List • Memory activities • Reading materials • Watching presentations and videos • • Fill-in-the blanks • Label • Match • • Quizzes • True and false questions Understand Translate and interpret knowledge • Case studies • • Demonstrations • Diagrams • Flowcharts • • Group discussions • • Mind map • Matrix activity • Play/sketches • Summarize • Think-pair...

Introduction Bloom's taxonomy is nothing short of a simple yet powerful explanation of the nature of thinking itself. Forehand writes: "Bloom's Taxonomy is a multi-tiered model of classifying thinking according to six cognitive levels of complexity" 1. It is one of the most widely used and often cited works of education 1. Bloom's taxonomy can serve many purposes: it • provides a common language among educators; • helps determine the alignment of objectives, learning activities, and assessment; and • stretches the educational possibilities to give greater breadth and depth to courses and curricula 2. Learning objectives (what you can reasonably expect to learn in the next 15 minutes): • Classify examples of objectives into cells of Bloom's Taxonomy (in the cognitive domain): Remember, Understand, Apply, Analyze, Evaluate, and Create. To what extent are you now able to meet the above objective? Please record your self-assessment. (0 is not at all and 5 is completely) Bloom's Taxonomy The original taxonomy named the different structures based on the nature of the learning task (knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation). The revised taxonomy is based on what we want learners to do, which is more congruent with the nature and purpose of objectives. On the left we see a multiple choice test most often used to assess for remembering. Below we see two learners creating a new idea cooperatively. Objectives describe what learners are expected to do...

Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor Domains Grading Assignments are graded at the level indicated on the assignment. Generally, in Pharm 439, higher cognitive levels are expected (e.g., application and higher). Use the following tables to help you prepare your assignments. Cognitive Domain According to various researchers there are six levels of cognitive complexity: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation. In the chart below, note the hierarchical arrangement, which means that higher levels subsume ability in lower levels. The higher the level, the presumably more complex mental operation is required. Higher levels are not necessarily more desirable than lower levels, because one cannot achieve the higher levels without an ability to use the lower levels. As one moves up into higher levels, however, the more applicable the skills are to those needed in daily life. Level Description Action Verbs Describing Learning Outcomes Evaluation Requires the formation of judgments and decisions about the value of methods, ideas, people, products. Must be able to state the bases for judgments (e.g., external criteria or principles used to reach conclusions.) Sample question: Evaluate the quality or worth of a value as applied to pharmacy. Appraise Judge Compare Justify Contrast Support Criticize Validate Defend Synthesis Requires production of something unique or original. At this level, one is expected to solve unfamiliar problems in unique way, or co...

Figure 1. Cognitive psychology sometimes involves the use of animals to examine the ways they think and solve problems. As mentioned in your previous reading, the cognitive revolution created an impetus for psychologists to focus their attention on better understanding the mind and mental processes that underlie behavior. Thus, cognitive psychology is the area of psychology that focuses on studying cognitions, or thoughts, and their relationship to our experiences and our actions. Like biological psychology, cognitive psychology is broad in its scope and often involves collaborations among people from a diverse range of disciplinary backgrounds. This has led some to coin the term cognitive science to describe the interdisciplinary nature of this area of research (Miller, 2003). Cognitive psychologists have research interests that span a spectrum of topics, ranging from attention to problem solving to language to memory. The approaches used in studying these topics are equally diverse. The bulk of content coverage on cognitive psychology will be covered in the modules in this text on thinking, intelligence, and memory. But given its diversity, various concepts related to cognitive psychology will be covered in other sections such as lifespan development, social psychology, and therapy.

Learning Objectives • Describe the basic interests and applications of cognitive psychology Figure 1. Cognitive psychology sometimes involves the use of animals to examine the ways they think and solve problems. As mentioned in your previous reading, the cognitive revolution created an impetus for psychologists to focus their attention on better understanding the mind and mental processes that underlie behavior. Thus, cognitive psychology is the area of psychology that focuses on studying cognitions, or thoughts, and their relationship to our experiences and our actions. Like biological psychology, cognitive psychology is broad in its scope and often involves collaborations among people from a diverse range of disciplinary backgrounds. This has led some to coin the term cognitive science to describe the interdisciplinary nature of this area of research (Miller, 2003). Cognitive psychologists have research interests that span a spectrum of topics, ranging from attention to problem solving to language to memory. The approaches used in studying these topics are equally diverse. The bulk of content coverage on cognitive psychology will be covered in the modules in this text on thinking, intelligence, and memory. But given its diversity, various concepts related to cognitive psychology will be covered in other sections such aslifespan development, social psychology, and therapy. Figure 2. The cognitive domain of psychology covers content on perception, thinking, intelligence, a...