Compound microscope diagram with labels

[ "article:topic", "authorname:openstax", "Cassegrain design", "compound microscope", "eyepiece", "net magnification", "Newtonian design", "objective", "Microscopes", "Telescopes", "tube length", "license:ccby", "showtoc:no", "program:openstax", "licenseversion:40", "source@https://openstax.org/details/books/university-physics-volume-3" ] https://phys.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fphys.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FUniversity_Physics%2FBook%253A_University_Physics_(OpenStax)%2FUniversity_Physics_III_-_Optics_and_Modern_Physics_(OpenStax)%2F02%253A_Geometric_Optics_and_Image_Formation%2F2.09%253A_Microscopes_and_Telescopes \( \newcommand\) • • • • • • Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Explain the physics behind the operation of microscopes and telescopes • Describe the image created by these instruments and calculate their magnifications Microscopes and telescopes are major instruments that have contributed hugely to our current understanding of the micro- and macroscopic worlds. The invention of these devices led to numerous discoveries in disciplines such as physics, astronomy, and biology, to name a few. In this section, we explain the basic physics that make these instruments work. Microscopes Although the eye is marvelous in its ability to see objects large and small, it obviously is limited in the smallest details it can detect. The desire to see beyond what is possible with the naked eye led to the use o...

If you meet some cell biologists and get them talking about what they enjoy most in their work, you may find it comes down to one thing: secretly, they’re all microscope freaks. At the end of the day, what they really love is the chance to sit in a small, dark room for hours on end, communing with their favorite cell type through the lens of a beautiful microscope. That may seem odd, but the truth is, cells can be pretty gorgeous, like living stained glass. One of my favorite examples of this is the picture below, which shows cells in a very young leaf of thale cress, a small flowering plant related to mustard. You could find cells just as intricately patterned and beautifully formed in any plant you looked at – from the rose in your backyard, to the grass growing up through the sidewalk, to the carrots you ate for a snack. Let’s not limit it to plants, either: exquisite layers of cells can be found in your skin, in an insect’s wing, and in just about any other living tissue you choose to look at. We, and the world around us, are cathedrals made of cells. We just need some microscopy to appreciate it. Although cells vary in size, they’re generally quite small. For instance, the diameter of a typical human red blood cell is about eight micrometers (0.008 millimeters). To give you some context, the head of a pin is about one millimeter in diameter, so about 125 red blood cells could be lined up in a row across the head of a pin. With a few exceptions, individual cells cannot...

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For a thorough review of each A basic microscope has a single convex lens such as those found in a magnifying glass, which you can use to visualize the finest prints. Using the magnifying glass, you can make the object appear bigger by 10 to 20 times. In the most advanced microscopes, multiple lenses are combined to get a greater magnification. A standard microscope has two lenses namely the objective lens and the eyepiece. A light is needed to shine on the object and then reflected by the mirror into the lenses, hence, causing greater magnification. (1, 2, 3, and 4) Let us take a look at the different parts of microscopes and their respective functions. 1. Eyepiece it is the topmost part of the microscope. Through the eyepiece, you can visualize the object being studied. Its magnification capacity ranges between 10 and 15 times. Image 2: The body tube part of a microscope is where the ray of light is bent to allow the object being viewed to enlarge by the scope. Picture Source: slideplayer.com 3. Turret/Nose piece It is the revolving part of the microscope. It allows the use of different types of objective lenses by simply rotating the top part of the turret. If you wish to examine the subject being studied at a different magnification, all you need to do is to rotate the top part of the turret. Image 3: A turret is a structure found above the objective lenses which can be easily rotated so that you will be able to choose the most suited lens. Image 13: The image above is...

This article covers • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • An overview of microscopes What is a microscope? A microscope is an instrument used to see objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye. We have an article covering the [In this figure] The name “microscope” came from two words – “micro” and “scope”. “Micro” means small or tiny. “Scope” means to view or to observe. Therefore, a microscope can be understood as an instrument to see tiny things. What is a “compound microscope”? A compound microscope is the most common type of light (optical) microscopes. The term “compound” refers to the microscope having more than one lens. Basically, compound microscopes generate magnified images through an aligned pair of the objective lens and the ocular lens. In contrast, “simple microscopes” have only one convex lens and function more like glass magnifiers. [In this figure] Two “antique” microscopes played significant roles in the history of biology. Left: Anton von Leeuwenhoek’s microscope was a simple glass magnifier with only one convex lens. He discovered many microorganisms, such as Photo credit: Labeled diagram of a compound microscope Major structural parts of a compound microscope There are three major structural parts of a compound microscope. • The head includes the upper part of the microscope, which houses the most critical optical components, and the eyepiece tube of the microscope. • The base acts as the foundation of microscopes and houses the illuminator. ...

Image 1: The image is a typical compound microscope commonly found in the workplace. Picture Source:imimg.com Who invented the compound microscope? The invention of the compound microscope is credited by historians to Zacharias Janssen, a Dutch spectacle maker, around 1590. Principles of compound microscope When a minute object is placed beyond the focus of the objective lens, a highly magnified object is formed at a distance of distinct vision from the eye close to the eye piece. A compound microscope has two convex lenses; an objective lens and eye piece. The objective lens is placed towards the object and the eyepiece is the lens towards our eye. Both eyepiece and objective lenses have a short focal length and fitted at the free ends of two sliding tubes. (4, 5, and 6) Compound microscope parts and magnification A compound microscope consists of different parts and each part plays an important function. These include the following: Image 4: The objectives of a compound microscope. Picture Source:slideplayer.com • Objective lens – A compound microscope has three to five optical lens objectives and each comes with various magnification level (4x, 10x, 40x, and 100x). To calculate the total magnification of the microscope, all you need to do is to multiply the objective lens magnification by eyepiece magnification level. Image 13: The coarse and fine adjustment knobs. Picture Source:boruhealthmachine.org • Adjustment controls/knob (coarse/fine) – It allows you to easily ad...

\( \newcommand\) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Learning Objectives Goals: • Properly use and care for a sensitive scientific instrument. • Learn the techniques required to prepare cells for viewing with a microscope. • Gain a sense of the size of cells. Student Learning Outcomes: Upon completion of this lab, students will be able to: • Identify the parts of a microscope and their functions. • Properly carry, use, and store a microscope. • Prepare a wet mount slide. • View and focus specimens under a microscope. • Determine total magnification of a specimen. • Locate a specimen if given a slide. Introduction In Biology, the compound light microscope is a useful tool for studying small specimens that are not visible to the naked eye. The microscope uses bright light to illuminate through the specimen and provides an inverted image at high magnification and resolution. There are two lenses that magnify the image of the specimen – the objective lens on the nosepiece and the ocular lens (or eyepiece). To determine the total magnification of the specimen, you must multiply the objective lens magnification with the ocular lens magnification. Scientists and technicians often use light microscopes to study cells. Prokaryotic cells are very simple and lack a nucleus or membrane bound organelles and are small in size. On the other hand, eukaryotic cells are more complicated in that they contain a nucleus and many specialized organelles. A cell’s structure dictates its fun...

Video can’t be loaded because JavaScript is disabled: Video: Parts of a compound Microscope with Diagram Explained As a side note, the microscope used in this post is a great entry level or beginner microscope if you are trying to get someone interested in microscopes, microbiology, or science in general. It’s actually not a toy microscope, it’s a functional microscope that produces great images for the price. I bought it for less than $100 dollars but you can check the 1. Head (Body) The head, also referred to as the body of the microscope, is a structural component that contains the optical parts of the microscope. The figure below shows the area of the microscope considered to be the body of the microscope. If you were to open the body of the microscope you would find a mirror or prism depending on the type and quality of the microscope. The prism or mirror is used to reflect the light and reorient the image by making it appear right side up. Body of the Microscope In compound microscopes with two eye pieces there are prisms contained in the body that will also split the beam of light to enable you to view the image through both eye pieces. 2. Arm The arm of the microscope is another structural piece. The arm connects the base of the microscope to the head/body of the microscope. If you watched any lab safety videos, you’ll probably see the arm referenced as one of the pieces you should hold on to when carrying microscope. The arm is a curved piece in some microscopes a...