Coniferous forest

Coniferous forests make up a large part of the wooded area in countries such as Spain and Mexico, as well as in countries in the northern areas. In addition to serving as support for their respective ecosystems, both in generating biomass and offering protection, avoiding soil erosion and much more, they also provide important services to humans, especially thanks to forestry practices. If you want to know more about the characteristics of coniferous forests , stay in AgroCorrn. These forests are usually adapted to great climatic variations . They are also usually in areas where, at least part of the year, there is not a large amount of water available. That is why they have leaves with a very small surface, which reduces perspiration. Many of these species are pyrophilic, which means that they are little affected by forest fires, and even their reproductive cycle can be benefited by them. Coniferous forests: main characteristics Coniferous forest flora The flora of these forests is usually organized in two well differentiated layers: canopy and understory . The canopy is made up of the mass of the treetops, while the understory is made up of small conifers, bushes and ferns closer to the ground. The trees that form the canopy have better access to sunlight, while the understory is more protected from inclement weather. As already mentioned, conifers have very small leaves and a tough bark. But it is not the only thing that differentiates them from other plants: these tree...

The taiga is a forest of the cold, subarctic region. The subarctic is an area of the Northern Hemisphere that lies just south of the Arctic Circle. The taiga lies between the tundra to the north and temperateforests to the south. Alaska, Canada, Scandinavia, and Siberia have taigas. In Russia, the world’s largest taiga stretches about 5,800 kilometers (3,600 miles), from the Pacific Ocean to the Ural Mountains. This taiga region was completely glaciated, or covered by glaciers, during the last ice age. The soil beneath the taiga often contains permafrost—a layer of permanently frozen soil. In other areas, a layer of bedrock lies just beneath the soil. Both permafrost and rock prevent water from draining from the top layers of soil. This creates shallow bogs known as muskegs. Muskegs can look like solid ground, because they are covered with moss, short grasses, and sometimes even trees. However, the ground is actually wet and spongy. Plants and Fungi Taigas are thick forests. Coniferoustrees, such as spruce, pine, and fir, are common. Coniferoustrees have needles instead of broad leaves, and their seeds grow inside protective, woody cones. While deciduoustrees of temperateforests lose their leaves in winter, conifers never lose their needles. For this reason, conifers are also called “ evergreens.” Conifers have adapted to survive the long, cold winters and short summers of the taiga. Their needles contain very little sap, which helps prevent freezing. Their dark color and ...

• • Coordinates 41°30′N 123°18′W / 41.5°N 123.3°W / 41.5; -123.3 Conservation Critical/Endangered Yes Habitat loss 4.4045% Protected 56.99% The Klamath Mountains ecoregion of The geomorphic province, Ecology [ ] Flora [ ] The ecoregion harbors rich (Pseudotsuga menziesii subsp. menziesii), Lawson's cypress (also known as Port Orford Cedar, Chamaecyparis lawsoniana), Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), Sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana), Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi), Knobcone pine (Pinus attenuata), Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), Foxtail pine (Pinus balfouriana), California incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens), Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), Mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana), White fir (Abies concolor subsp. lowiana), Red fir (A. magnifica subsp. shastensis), Weeping spruce (Picea breweriana), Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), and Pacific yew (Taxus brevifolia). Broadleaf trees include Oregon white oak, California black oak, Tanoak, Pacific madrone and Bigleaf maple. Chaparral also occurs in this ecoregion. These forests mark the northern extent of the range for Level IV ecoregions [ ] Klamath Mountains ecoregion in California The ecoregion has been subdivided into Rogue/Illinois Valleys (78a) [ ] The Rogue/Illinois Valleys ecoregion includes 2) in Oregon, in three separate areas around Medford and Oak Savanna Foothills (78b) [ ] The Oak Savanna Foothills ecoregion consists of moderately sloping mountain foothills bordering the Ro...

Two elk calves emerge from the forest and drink from a forest lake in Banff National Park, Alberta. Image credit: Chase Dekker/Shutterstock.com • The boreal forest represents 29% of the world's forest. • The largest area of wetlands in any ecosystem of the world is found in the Canadian boreal region with more lakes and rivers than anywhere else. • Boreal forests are home to 85 species of mammals, 130 species of fish, 32,000 species of insects, and 300 species of birds. Many animals make their home in coniferous forests, some of which have thick fur to insulate them againsts frigid winters, while others hibernate to endure the cold and some migrate to warmer temperatures. A variety of mammals and invertebrates, from wolves and bears to large cats, moose, elk, porcupines, deer, squirrels, birds, insects, and snakes are all known to reside in coniferous forest zones. These are a few of the most prominent animals found in coniferous forests around the world. 10. Owls A great gray owl. Image credit: Holger Kirk/Shutterstock.com A variety of owl species nest in coniferous forests. The great grey owl is one of the largest species in the world and is found in the Northern Hemisphere. With its large round heard, grey face and feathers, and yellow eyes framed by dark circles, the great grey owl is distinct among its aviary counterparts. Though it is only half as heavy as a snowy owl, the great grey owl gets its reputation for a large stature from its 60-inch wingspan, it's long tai...

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\( \newcommand\) • • • Learning Objective Recognize distinguishing characteristics of boreal (coniferous) forests & plant adaptations of the biome. The boreal forest, also known as coniferous forest, is found roughly between 50 o and 60 o north latitude across most of Canada, Alaska, Russia, and northern Europe. Boreal forests in North America are sometimes referred to as Taiga. Boreal forests are also found above a certain elevation (and below high elevations where trees cannot grow) in mountain ranges throughout the Northern Hemisphere. This biome has cold, dry winters and short, cool, wet summers. The annual precipitation is from 40 cm to 100 cm (15.7–39 in) and usually takes the form of snow; little evaporation occurs because of the cold temperatures. Though evergreen, the net primary productivity of boreal forests is relatively low, as is species richness. The aboveground biomass of boreal forests is high because these slow-growing tree species are long-lived and accumulate standing biomass over time. Boreal forests lack the layered forest structure seen in tropical rainforests or, to a lesser degree, temperate forests. The structure of a boreal forest is often only a tree layer and a ground layer. When conifer needles are dropped, they decompose more slowly than broad leaves; therefore, fewer nutrients are returned to the soil to fuel plant growth (Figure \(\PageIndex\): The boreal forest has low lying plants and conifer trees. The snowcapped mountains of the Alaska ...

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Coniferous Forest Coniferous forests are represented by pine, spruce, and fir, and mixed forests mostly consist of beech, maple, birch, and fir. From: Encyclopedia of Environmental Health (Second Edition), 2019 Related terms: • Biome • Boreal Forest • Forest Soil • Deciduous Forest • Grassland • Mixed Forest • Soil Organic Carbon C.D.B. Hawkins, in Encyclopedia of Forest Sciences, 2004 Asian subcontinent The northern coniferous forest in northern and northwest Pakistan is diverse. It contains deodar ( Cedrus deodara), kail ( Pinus wallichiana), spruce ( Picea smithiana), and silver fir ( Abies pindrow), with chir ( Pinus longifolia) at lower elevations and on hot southerly aspects. A subalpine spruce–fir forest again lies above the northern coniferous forest. The northern coniferous forest of the Himalayas continues eastward from Pakistan to Sikkim at high elevations: 1500–3300m in the west, 2750–3350m in Sikkim. Pencil juniper ( Juniperus macropoda) and pine ( Pinus gerardiana) are found throughout Kashmir while in moister valleys there are deodar and silver fir. In Nepal or the central Himalayas, northern coniferous forest species include silver fir, Picea smithiana, cedar, hemlock ( Tsuga dumosa), and kail. Kail, Picea spinulosa, Juniperus wallichiana, hemlock, and Larix griffithii are the northern coniferous forest species at the eastern end of the Himalayas. Coniferous and mixed forests are ecosystems that stand out from others by very high intensity of emission of pl...

The ecoregion’s land area is provided in units of 1,000 hectares. The protection goal is the Global Safety Net (GSN1) area for the given ecoregion. The protection level indicates the percentage of the GSN goal that is currently protected on a scale of 0-10. N/A means data is not available at this time. Bioregion: Realm: Protection Level: 2 States: Norway Heavy, frequent rainfall and comparatively warm winters in the Scandinavian Coastal Conifer Forests ecoregion allow a huge diversity of lichens and mosses to grow on trees and boulders. From verdant forests along the coast you can see glaciers, carving their sluggish routes down mountainsides. Moose roam freely, otters and white-tailed eagles hunt fish-rich river mouths, and steep-sided islands host hundreds of thousands of breeding Atlantic puffins in their sheltered burrows. The flagship species of the Scandinavian Coastal Conifer Forests ecoregion is the Eurasian oystercatchers. Image credit: Kristian Pikner, Creative Commons This ecoregion follows the western Norwegian coast from Flekkefjord to Senja. In places the Scandinavian and Russian Taiga ecoregion and the Scandinavian Montane Birch Forest and Grasslands ecoregion reach the coast, dividing areas of this ecoregion. Hillsides rise steeply from the sea to 1,350 m. Average monthly temperatures are -1–14°C. There is a strong oceanic influence and consistent rainfall throughout the year, around 2,250 mm in the southern part of the ecoregion and 1,750 mm further north....

• • Coordinates 41°30′N 123°18′W / 41.5°N 123.3°W / 41.5; -123.3 Conservation Critical/Endangered Yes Habitat loss 4.4045% Protected 56.99% The Klamath Mountains ecoregion of The geomorphic province, Ecology [ ] Flora [ ] The ecoregion harbors rich (Pseudotsuga menziesii subsp. menziesii), Lawson's cypress (also known as Port Orford Cedar, Chamaecyparis lawsoniana), Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), Sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana), Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi), Knobcone pine (Pinus attenuata), Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), Foxtail pine (Pinus balfouriana), California incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens), Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), Mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana), White fir (Abies concolor subsp. lowiana), Red fir (A. magnifica subsp. shastensis), Weeping spruce (Picea breweriana), Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), and Pacific yew (Taxus brevifolia). Broadleaf trees include Oregon white oak, California black oak, Tanoak, Pacific madrone and Bigleaf maple. Chaparral also occurs in this ecoregion. These forests mark the northern extent of the range for Level IV ecoregions [ ] Klamath Mountains ecoregion in California The ecoregion has been subdivided into Rogue/Illinois Valleys (78a) [ ] The Rogue/Illinois Valleys ecoregion includes 2) in Oregon, in three separate areas around Medford and Oak Savanna Foothills (78b) [ ] The Oak Savanna Foothills ecoregion consists of moderately sloping mountain foothills bordering the Ro...