Csf full form in medical

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is increased pressure in your skull. It occurs because of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) buildup around your brain. When CSF builds up in your skull, it can put pressure on your optic nerve, the nerve that helps you see. Symptoms of IIH might include vision changes, headaches or temporary blindness. Overview What is idiopathic intracranial hypertension? Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is increased pressure around your brain. It occurs when cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the liquid that cushions your spinal cord and brain, builds up in your skull. Pressure builds up in your brain and on your optic nerve, the nerve at the back of your eye that helps you see. The word idiopathic means “no known cause.” Intracranial means “in the skull,” and An outdated name for idiopathic intracranial pressure is pseudotumor cerebri. Pseudotumor cerebri means false brain tumor. IIH used to sometimes be called pseudotumor cerebri because the symptoms can be similar to Who might get idiopathic intracranial hypertension? Women are more likely to develop IIH than men. About 19 in 20 people with idiopathic intracranial hypertension are women. Most are between ages 20 and 50. You are also more likely to have IIH if you have: • • • Conditions that affect your hormones, such as • Iron deficiency • • How common is idiopathic intracranial hypertension? Overall, about 1 in every 100,000 people have idiopathic intracranial hypertension. In young females who ha...

The electrolytes found in cerebrospinal fluid are sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca++), magnesium (Mg+), and chloride (Cl-). These are needed for osmoregulation, transport, neurotransmitter function, and conduction within the brain and spine. There are also other compounds present like enzymes, neurotransmitters and glucose. Bathed in a clear, protective liquid, the brain and spine floats in a substance called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This fluid is also found in tunnel-like spaces inside of the brain. The medical term for the spaces around the brain and spine that are filled with CSF is the subarachnoid space (SAS). The medical term for the inner brain tunnel-like spaces filled with CSF are ventricles. But what is CSF? What is the meaning of CSF in the overall picture for the brain and spine? Why is it needed and what does it do? Cerebrospinal fluid definition, function, and composition will be described in detail in the following sections. Definition of CSF Imagine the brain as an object in a snow globe, floating freely in the clear fluid - minus the snowflakes. That's what the inside of your skull is like. But what's this fluid inside your skull? Cerebrospinal fluid, or CSF, is clear, colorless, and filtered from the blood by cells in the ventricles (fluid spaces). The body produces 500 ml/day, but reabsorption is slower, so only 100-150 ml is found circulating around the brain and spine. CSF flows from the ventricles to the subarachnoid space, which is a space...

cerebrospinal fluid the fluid within the subarachnoid space, the central canal of the spinal cord, and the four ventricles of the brain. The fluid is formed continuously by the choroid plexus in the ventricles, and, so that there will not be an abnormal increase in amount and pressure, it is reabsorbed into the blood by the arachnoid villi at approximately the same rate at which it is produced. The cerebrospinal fluid aids in the protection of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges by acting as a watery cushion surrounding them to absorb the shocks to which they are exposed. There is a blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier that prevents harmful substances, such as metal poisons, some pathogenic organisms, and certain drugs from passing from the capillaries into the cerebrospinal fluid. The normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure is 5 mm Hg (100 mm H 2O) when the individual is lying in a horizontal position on his side. Fluid pressure may be increased by a brain tumor or by hemorrhage or infection in the cranium. Cell counts, bacterial smears, and cultures of samples of cerebrospinal fluid are done when an inflammatory process or infection of the meninges is suspected. Since the cerebrospinal fluid contains nutrient substances such as glucose, proteins, and sodium chloride, and also some waste products such as urea, it is believed to play a role in metabolism. The major constituents of cerebrospinal fluid are water, glucose, sodium chloride, and protein. Information about changes in ...

This guide provides a structured approach to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), including typical CSF results for specific disease processes. Reference ranges vary between labs, so always follow local guidelines. A lumbar puncture is usually required to obtain a sample of CSF for analysis. The most common indication for a diagnostic lumbar puncture is to investigate cases of suspected CNS infection (e.g. non-infective pathologies, including subarachnoid haemorrhage. Normal CSF To understand CSF abnormalities in certain disease states, it is important to understand normal CSF composition. Normal CSF is acellular. However, up to 5 white blood cells (WBCs) and 5 red blood cells (RBCs) per microlitre (µL) are considered normal after lumbar puncture. White blood cell analysis in CSF usually separates WBCs into lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). PMNs include neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils and mast cells. In ‘normal’ CSF, WBCs should be predominantly lymphocytes. The presence of PMNs in the CSF, particularly neutrophils, suggests bacterial meningitis. The blood-brain barrier is effective against large molecules (e.g. protein) but allows the passage of smaller molecules (e.g. glucose). As such, CSF is generally a low-protein fluid with copious glucose. Normal CSF ranges (adults) Appearance: clear and colourless White blood cells (WBC): 0 – 5 cells/µL, predominantly lymphocytes. Red blood cells (RBC): 0 – 5/µL Protein: 0.15 – 0.45 g/L (or <1% of the serum protein con...

• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a watery liquid that continually circulates through the brain’s ventricles (hollow cavities) and around the surface of the brain and spinal cord. • CSF washes out impurities from the brain, transfers nutrients and provides protective cushioning to the brain and spinal cord. • The fluid is contained by the meninges, a series of protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. • CSF leaks can cause fluid to leak through the ears, through the nose or into the spinal canal. • CSF leakage through the ears or nose should be diagnosed and treated quickly and effectively to prevent What is cerebrospinal fluid? Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear liquid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. It provides a cushion for delicate brain and spinal tissue. Reduced cerebrospinal fluid, as in the case of a leak, requires immediate care by a trained expert. What is a CSF leak? A CSF leak is when the CSF escapes through a tear or hole in the dura, the outermost layer of the meninges, which surround the brain. The dura can be injured or punctured during a CSF Leak Symptoms Symptoms of a CSF leak include: • • • Nasal drainage of CSF (this may be difficult to distinguish from normal nasal discharge without testing) • • Visual disturbances Diagnosis of a CSF Leak If your doctor suspects a CSF leak, he or she may recommend the following tests. • Analysis of the nasal fluid:This test is used to detect beta-2 transferrin, a protein found almost exclus...

Overview Hydrocephalus is the buildup of fluid in the cavities (ventricles) deep within the brain. The excess fluid increases the size of the ventricles and puts pressure on the brain. Cerebrospinal fluid normally flows through the ventricles and bathes the brain and spinal column. But the pressure of too much cerebrospinal fluid associated with hydrocephalus can damage brain tissues and cause a range of brain function problems. Hydrocephalus can happen at any age, but it occurs more frequently among infants and adults 60 and over. Surgical treatment for hydrocephalus can restore and maintain normal cerebrospinal fluid levels in the brain. Different therapies are often required to manage symptoms or problems resulting from hydrocephalus. Symptoms The signs and symptoms of hydrocephalus vary somewhat by age of onset. Infants Common signs and symptoms of hydrocephalus in infants include: Changes in the head • An unusually large head • A rapid increase in the size of the head • A bulging or tense soft spot (fontanel) on the top of the head Physical signs and symptoms • Nausea and vomiting • Sleepiness or sluggishness (lethargy) • Irritability • Poor eating • Seizures • Eyes fixed downward (sunsetting of the eyes) • Problems with muscle tone and strength Toddlers and older children Among toddlers and older children, signs and symptoms might include: Physical signs and symptoms • Headache • Blurred or double vision • Abnormal eye movements • Abnormal enlargement of a toddler's ...