Difference between mitosis and meiosis

• Mitosis and meiosis are nuclear division processes that occur during cell division. • Mitosis involves the division of body cells, while meiosis involves the division of sex cells. • The division of a cell occurs once in mitosis but twice in meiosis. • Two daughter cells are produced after mitosis and cytoplasmic division, while four daughter cells are produced after meiosis. • Daughter cells resulting from mitosis are diploid, while those resulting from meiosis are haploid. • Daughter cells that are the product of mitosis are genetically identical. Daughter cells produced after meiosis are genetically diverse. • Tetrad formation occurs in meiosis but not mitosis. Differences Between Mitosis and Meiosis • Mitosis: During the first mitotic stage, known as prophase, • Meiosis: Prophase I consists of five stages and lasts longer than prophase of mitosis. The five stages of meiotic prophase I are leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, and diakinesis. These five stages do not occur in mitosis. Genetic recombination and crossing over take place during prophase I. • Mitosis: During anaphase, sister chromatids separate and begin migrating centromere first toward opposite poles of the cell. A separated sister chromatid becomes known as • Meiosis: Homologous chromosomes migrate toward opposite poles of the cell during anaphase I. Sister chromatids do not separate in anaphase I. Plant cell in Interphase. In interphase, the cell is not undergoing cell division. The nucleus and c...

[ "article:topic", "karyotype", "nondisjunction", "authorname:mgrewal", "Down Syndrome", "Turner Syndrome", "showtoc:yes", "trisomy 21", "Klinefelter\'s syndrome", "Triple X syndrome", "columns:two", "cssprint:dense", "program:oeri", "licenseversion:30", "license:ck12", "source@https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-human-biology/" ] Mitosis vs. Meiosis Both mitosis and meiosis result in eukaryotic cell division. The primary difference between these divisions is the differing goals of each process. The goal of mitosis is to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. Mitosis happens when you grow. You want all your new cells to have the same DNA as the previous cells. The goal of meiosis is to produce sperm or eggs, also known as gametes. The resulting gametes are not genetically identical to the parent cell. Gametes are haploid cells, with only half the DNA present in the diploid parent cell. This is necessary so that when a sperm and an egg combine at fertilization, the resulting zygote has the correct amount of DNA—not twice as much as the parents. The zygote then begins to divide through mitosis. Table \(\PageIndex\): A comparison between binary fission, mitosis, and meiosis. Chromosome Disorders Changes in Chromosome Number What would happen if an entire chromosome were missing or duplicated? What if a human had only 45 chromosomes? Or 47? This real possibility is usually due to mistakes during meiosis; the chromosomes do not fully separate ...

Mitosis and meiosis share some similarities, but the processes have distinct differences as well. Gametes are produced through meiosis, and are crucial to sexual reproduction; these are the egg and sperm cells, as well as spores and pollen. Mitosis is part of the reproduction of every other kind of cell in the body. Mitosis is how we get new skin cells, bone cells, blood cells, and other cells. These are called “somatic cells.” You can tell the difference between mitosis and meiosis by considering the phases that each process includes. Consider what happens in mitosis. Mitosis is the process of creating diploid cells. Without mitotic replication, your body would not be able to heal itself, or even grow. When mitosis happens, your DNA replicates itself. During mitosis, your cells divide and they also exhibit clear phases, which are called interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. The basic process of mitosis is as follows: X Research source • First, the DNA condenses into chromosomes and the chromosomes align. • Then, the daughter chromosomes are pulled apart and they move to the cell poles (the edges of the cell). • Last, the cell splits in 2 separate cells, which is also known as cytokinesis. Count the number of divisions. In mitosis, the cells will only divide once. These post-division cells are called daughter cells. Most human cells divide by splitting into 2 new cells. X Research source • Check the number of daughter cells. In mitosis, there should onl...