Difference between nervous system and endocrine system

Chapter 2: Biology and Human Potential The Nervous and Endocrine Systems The Nervous System: Connecting Sensation and Movement As we consider the human genotype, we will start by providing an overview of the nervous system (see Figure 2.7), those structures which transmit information regarding external and internal stimulation and coordinate behavior. Figure 2.7 Overview of human nervous system The central nervous system , consisting of the brain and spinal cord, organizes and interprets information received from the peripheral nervous system and initiates responding. The somatic division of the peripheral nervous system responds to sensory information originating outside the body and stimulates the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles. This type of behavior is often considered voluntary. The autonomic nervous system governs the activity of the smooth muscles and glands internal to the body involved in circulation, respiration, and digestion (see Figure 2.8). This type of activity is often considered involuntary. The sympathetic division results in arousal under stressful or dangerous conditions as the body is prepared for “fight or flight.” The parasympathetic division calms the body upon removal of the stress or danger. Figure 2.8 The autonomic nervous system Making the Physical Connections: The Neuron Even very simple animals require some way of connecting environmental input with behavioral output. Specialized nerve cells called neurons are required to respond to externa...

Term Meaning Nervous system The body system that collects, processes, and responds to information using electrical signals Neuron A nerve cell; the basic unit of the nervous system Glial cell A cell that supports and protects neurons Central nervous system Part of the nervous system containing the brain and spinal cord Peripheral nervous system Part of the nervous system containing associated nerves that are not part of the brain or spinal cord Endocrine system The body system that regulates cells and organs using chemical substances called hormones Hormone Chemical messenger that acts as a regulatory substance Gland Organ that secretes chemical substances, such as hormones In a resting neuron, there is a separation of ions in the cell regulated by sodium-potassium pumps. If a neuron receives a large enough signal, the resting potential changes, producing an electrical impulse called an action potential. Once an impulse begins, it moves down the axon until it reaches the axon terminal. • The somatic nervous system (SNS) regulates voluntary activities such as muscular movement. It also controls reflexes, such as pulling your hand away from the hot surface of a stove. • The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates activities that are not under conscious control and has two divisions that are opposite of one another: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for “fight-or-flight” responses, while the parasympathetic ...

• 1. Brief explanation of the Endocrine System and Nervous System • 2. Importance of both systems in the body • 3. Endocrine System • 4. Nervous System • 5. Differences between Endocrine System and Nervous System • 5.1. Interaction between Endocrine System and Nervous System • 5.2. Reference Website Brief explanation of the Endocrine System and Nervous System Endocrine System and Nervous System The Nervous System, on the Importance of both systems in the body The Endocrine System and the Nervous System are essential • Regulation of bodily functions: The Endocrine System and the Nervous System work together to regulate various physiological processes in the body, including growth, metabolism, • Response to stimuli: Both systems help the body respond to internal and external stimuli, such as changes in temperature, light, or sound. • Homeostasis: The Endocrine System and the Nervous System help maintain homeostasis in the body by coordinating and regulating various body functions. • Communication: The Endocrine System and the Nervous System enable communication between different parts of the body, allowing for the coordination of bodily functions. • Reproduction: The Endocrine System plays a crucial role in the regulation of the reproductive system, including the The Endocrine System and the Nervous System work together to ensure that the body functions properly and responds appropriately to internal and external stimuli. Endocrine System The Endocrine System is a complex sy...

\( \newcommand\) • • • • • Key Points • The nervous system can respond quickly to stimuli, through the use of action potentials and neurotransmitters. • Responses to nervous system stimulation are typically quick but short lived. • The endocrine system responds to stimulation by secreting hormones into the circulatory system that travel to the target tissue. • Responses to endocrine system stimulation are typically slow but long lasting. Key Terms • hormone: A molecule released by a cell or a gland in one part of the body that sends out messages affecting cells in other parts of the organism. • neurotransmitters: Endogenous chemicals that transmit signals from a neuron to a target cell across a synapse. The body must maintain a constant internal environment, through a process termed homeostasis, while also being able to respond and adapt to external events. The nervous and endocrine systems both work to bring about this adaptation, but their response patterns are different. The nervous system and the endocrine system use chemical messengers to signal cells, but the speed at which these messages are transmitted and the length of their effects differs. Nervous System The nervous system responds rapidly to stimuli by sending electrical action potentials along neurons, which in turn transmit these action potentials to their target cells using neurotransmitters, the chemical messenger of the nervous system. The response to stimuli by the nervous system is near instantaneous, al...

The nervous system controls fast and brief responses, but the endocrine system controls slow and continuous functions of the body. Nervous coordination controls the body by neurons, nerves, brain ad spinal cord, while the endocrine system controls the body by various Endocrine glands that produce hormones that affect target tissues. Comparative Differences between of Nervous and Endocrine system Nervous System Endocrine System In the nervous system, a message is transmitted by a Nerve impulse. In the endocrine system Hormones acts as the chemical messenger that transfer message to the target cells through the bloodstream The brain and the spinal cord make the central structure of the nervous system. various Glands like the thyroid, pancreas pituitary glands, etc., make the main structure endocrine system Here neurons transmit nerve impulse Blood transmit hormones to target tissues for a specific response The control of the nervous system may be both voluntary and involuntary The endocrine system is always under involuntary control The Neurotransmitters are used at synaptic clefts to transmit impulses from one neuron to other The hormones bind to the target cell receptors or enter into them by diffusion. Responses are localized Responses are widespread The nervous system is the set of organs responsible for receiving, integrating and transmitting information from outside and from the internal environment, as well as coordinating and controlling the body’s responses to that ...

https://med.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fmed.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FAnatomy_and_Physiology%2FHuman_Anatomy_and_Physiology_Preparatory_Course_(Liachovitzky)%2F05%253A_Higher_Levels_of_Complexity-_Organs_and_Systems%2F5.01%253A_Organs_and_Systems_of_the_Human_Organism \( \newcommand\) No headers Learning objectiveS • Define organ and organ system, and list the organ systems in the human organization • Describe the functions of the organs systems, and list the main organs of each system An organ is a group of tissues that work together for the overall function of the organ, and an organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function. The human organism consists of eleven organ systems. They are Integumentary System, Skeletal System, Muscular System, Nervous System, Endocrine System, Cardiovascular System, Lymphatic System, Respiratory System, Digestive System, Urinary System, and Reproductive System (Female and Male). Figure \(\PageIndex\) Organs and organ systems are the highest levels of complexity forming the human organism. Concepts, terms, and facts check Study Questions Write your answer in a sentence form (do not answer using loose words) 1. What is an organ system? 2. List all the organ systems in the human organism Refer to Figures \(\PageIndex\) Organs and function of lymphatic system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, and female and male reproductive system Concepts, terms, and fa...

I had a big miscommunication with a friend the other day that resulted in each of us standing alone in a parking lot, waiting for the other to show up. Thanks to the power of cell phones, we corrected the misunderstanding quickly and had a lovely walk together in the end. But as I waited for her to arrive, I began to think about how important good communication is. And because I’m always thinking about how things relate to our health, I couldn’t help comparing this mishap to what happens when our body systems aren’t communicating well. When that happens, unlike the quick fix I found with my friend, it can take a long time to get things back on track. That’s why it’s so important to know how the systems communicate messages throughout our body, and what we can do to keep the communication consistently clear. I’ve talked a lot about the endocrine systems and the importance of balanced hormones to good health. I’ve also spent some time discussing the nervous system, particularly in relation to the stress response and what happens when your nervous system is in overdrive. Although these are two distinct systems in the body, when one faces dysfunction, they both suffer. That’s because there are elaborate connections between the two that keep your body functioning well as a whole. Both systems are vital to communication within the body. Let’s explore how each impacts internal communication and how the two systems impact one another. Then I’ll give you some quick tips on keeping ...