Difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes table

Q. Question 1 Fill in the gaps in the following table illustrating differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell 1. Size: generally small ( 1 − 10 μ m ) 1 μ m = 10 − 6 m 1. Size: generally large ( 5 − 100 μ m ) 2. Nuclear region : – –––––––––––––––––– – and is known as – –––––––– – 2. Nuclear region: well-defined and surrounded by a nuclear membrane 3. Chromosome:single 3. More than one chromosome 4. Membrane-bound cell organelles are absent 4. – –––––––––––––––––– – Q. Fill in the gaps in the following table illustrating differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell 1. Size: generally small ( 1-10 µm) 1 µm== 10 -6 m 1. Size: generally large (5-100 µm) 2. Nuclear region: _____________________________ and is known as ________. 2. Nuclear region: well-defined and surrounded by a nuclear membrane 3. Chromosome: single 3. More than one chromosome 4. Membrane-bound cell organelles are absent 4. ________________________________________________________________________________________________

\( \newcommand\) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • What you’ll learn to do: Compare prokaryotes and eukaryotes In Introduction to Biology, we discussed the diversity of life on earth and mentioned how there are over 1.9 million species of living organisms on earth today. All these species of organisms have one of two different types of cells. In this section, we will compare the two cell types: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Within these two broad categories of cells, there are many diverse life forms. For example, both animal and plant cells are classified as eukaryotic cells, whereas all the many bacterial cells are classified as prokaryotic. Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Cells fall into one of two broad categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. The predominantly single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea are classified as prokaryotes ( pro– = before; – karyon– = nucleus). Animal cells, plant cells, fungi, and protists are eukaryotes ( eu– = true). Components of Prokaryotic Cells All cells share four common components: 1) a plasma membrane, an outer covering that separates the cell’s interior from its surrounding environment; 2) cytoplasm, consisting of a jelly-like region within the cell in which other cellular components are found; 3) DNA, the genetic material of the cell; and 4) ribosomes, particles that synthesize proteins. However, prokaryotes differ from eukaryotic cells in several ways. Figure 1. This figure shows the generalized struc...

The Differences among Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotic Microorganisms - dummies There are three domains of life: Bacteria (also known as Eubacteria), Archaea, and Eukarya. The Bacteria and Archaea are made up entirely of microorganisms; the Eukarya contains plants, animals, and microorganisms such as fungi and protists. The Bacteria and Archaea have been grouped together and called Prokaryotes because of their lack of a nucleus, but the Archaea are more closely related to the Eukaryotes than to the Bacteria. Here are other major differences between the three domains. Bacteria Archaea Eukaryotes Cell type Prokaryotic Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Cell wall Made of peptidoglycan Does not contain peptidoglycan In plants and fungi, composed of polysaccharides Sensitivity to antibiotics Yes No No First amino acid during protein synthesis Formylmethionine Methionine Methionine DNA Mostly circular chromosome and plasmids Circular chromosome and plasmids Linear chromosome, rarely plasmids Histones No Yes Yes Organelles No No Yes Ribosomes 70S 70S 80S About the book authors: Jennifer C. Stearns, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Medicine at McMaster University. She studies how we get our gut microbiome in early life and how it can keep us healthy over time. Michael G. Surette, PhD, is a Professor in the Department of Medicine at McMaster University, where he pushes the boundaries of microbial research. Julienne C. Kaiser, PhD, is a doctoral career educator. Jennifer C....