Difference between soap and detergent class 10 brainly

Soaps and Detergents: Soaps: A soap is the sodium or potassium salt of long chain fatty acids/carboxylic acids which has cleansing properties in water. Example, sodium stearate (C 17 H 35 COO - Na + ) and sodium palmitate (C 15 H 31 COO - Na + ) . Since soap solutions are basic in nature, they turn red litmus blue . Structure of Soap Molecules: A soap molecule consists of 2 ends: 1. Hydrophilic end It is the ‘water loving’ part of the soap molecule. It is polar in nature and is readily soluble in water . This includes the hydrocarbon part . 2. Hydrophobic end It is the ‘water fearing’ part of the soap molecule. It is non-polar in nature and insoluble in water but soluble in oil and dirt . This includes the carboxylic part . Cleansing action of Soap: When soap is dissolved in water, two types of arrangements of these molecules are seen: 1. On the surface of water: The soap molecules present on the surface of water align themselves in such a way that the hydrophilic end is inside water and the hydrophobic end faces outward. 2. Inside water: The soap molecules which are completely inside water form a cluster. The arrangement is such that the hydrophobic tails are towards the inside of the cluster and hence their contact with wate is inhibited whereas the hydrophilic ends are present on the surface . This type of arrangement is known as micelle . • When a dirty cloth is put in a soap solution (soap + water), the hydrophobic part dissolves the oil and dirt from the surface of c...

Soaps and Detergents are cleaning agents that are used to remove dirt and other undesirable particles from the human body, its clothes, and other surfaces. Both soap and detergents are used for cleaning action but there are quite differences between them, and the differences between them if discussed in the article. In general, soap is the sodium or potassium salt of fatty acids while detergents are long-chain carboxylic acid quaternary ammonium or sulfonate salts. In this article, we will learn about Soap, Detergents and their properties, their differences, and others in detail. What are Soaps and Detergents? Soaps and detergents are the basic cleaning product that are used for cleaning various objects, soaps are generally used to clean soft and delicate objects such as human skin and others, whereas detergents are used to clean rough objects and they have a rough action on the human skin. Soap and Detergents are called Surfactants as they reduce the surface tension of water. Now let’s learn about soap and others in detail in this article. Soaps Definition Soap is a compound made by combining Sodium Hydroxide or Potassium Hydroxide with vegetable oil or animal fats in a saponification reaction. Soaps are potassium or sodium salts of fatty acids with a long carbon chain. Soaps are naturally water-soluble. A soap molecule is made up of two components. These two components are referred to as: • Hydrophobic tail: This part of the soap is water-repellent in nature and dissolve...