Explain what is meant by proto industrialisation

Even before factories began to be set up in England and Europe, there was large-scale industrial production for an international market. This period was referred to as proto – industrialization by the historians because this is the phase of industrialization that was not based on the factory system.

CBSE Class 10 History Chapter 4 The Age of Industrialisation Notes with Video Explanation and Question Answers ‌ The Age of Industrialisation Class 10 Notes - Here is the CBSE‌ ‌ The Age of Industrialisation Notes with a detailed‌ ‌‌explanation‌‌ ‌of‌ ‌the‌ ‌chapter‌ ‌ Given‌ ‌here‌ ‌is‌ ‌ The Age of Industrialisation Class 10 ‌Notes ‌of‌ ‌the‌ ‌lesson,‌ ‌along‌ ‌with‌ ‌all‌ ‌the‌ ‌exercises,‌ ‌‌Questions ‌and‌ ‌Answers‌‌ ‌are given ‌at‌ ‌the‌ ‌back‌ ‌of‌ ‌the‌ ‌lesson.‌‌ Topics Covered in The Age of Industrialisation Class 10 are The Age of Industrialization, Hand Labour and Steam Power, Factories Come Up, The Peculiarites of Industrial Growth and Market for Goods. • • • • • • • • • • • • Today we all are familiar with the term ‘ Industrialisation’. This term has become a part of our daily life. We read about various industries and industrialists in newspapers and journals. But the question arises as to how did the industries come into being. How did the age of industrialization start? To begin with we will discuss this picture. This artwork was basically a cover page of a music book. In 1900, a famous music publisher E.T Paull had produced this book. If we look into the picture, we will see an image of a goddess. She is picturised as an angel of progress who bears a flag of the new century. She is standing on a wheel with wings that will take her to the future. Behind her are the symbols of progress such as railways, camera, machines etc. Not only this, there were some m...

Protoindustrialization Historians favour the term “protoindustrialization” to describe the form of industrial organization that emerged in the 16th century. The word was initially applied to More recently, historians have stressed the role of This manner of organizing manufactures is known as the Verlagssystem. The key to its operation was the The production of fabric remained everywhere the chief European industry, but two developments, both of them continuations of Northern industry continued to concentrate on Another major In industry, the 16th century was not so much an age of dramatic technological departures; rather, it witnessed the steady improvement of older technological traditions—in shipbuilding, mining and metallurgy, glassmaking, silk production, clock and instrument making, firearms, and others. Europe slowly widened its technological edge over non-European civilizations. Most economic historians further believe that protoindustrialization, and the commerce that supplied and sustained it, best explains the early accumulations of capital and the birth of a capitalist economy.

Proto-industrialization refers to the system of industries that existed in Europe before the arrival of modern machine run factoriesLarge-scale industrial production took place for an international market. It was based in the countryside, not in factories. Effects : (i) Open fields were disappearing and commons were being enclosed so common people had no alternative sources of income. (ii) Many had small plots of land which could not provide work for all family members. (iii) Merchants offered them advances to which they agreed. (iv) They got a source of income which supplemented their shrinking income from cultivation.

Proto-industrialization refers to the system of industries that existed in Europe before the arrival of modern machine run factoriesLarge-scale industrial production took place for an international market. It was based in the countryside, not in factories. Effects : (i) Open fields were disappearing and commons were being enclosed so common people had no alternative sources of income. (ii) Many had small plots of land which could not provide work for all family members. (iii) Merchants offered them advances to which they agreed. (iv) They got a source of income which supplemented their shrinking income from cultivation

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science History Chapter 5 The Age of Industrialisation NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social History Chapter 5 The Age of Industrialisation Q.1. Explain the following : (a) Woman workers in Britain attacked the Spinning Jenny. [CBSE Sept. 2011] (b) In the seventeenth century, merchants from towns In Europe began employing peasants and artisans within the villages. (c) The port of Surat declined by the end of the eighteenth century. (d) The East India Company appointed Gomasthas to supervise the weavers in India. [CBSE Sept. 2011] Ans. (a) In Britain in the 19th century, the condition of workers was bad as mentioned below: • Abundance of labour affected the lives of the workers because the period of employment was less. • Sometimes the proportion of unemployment went upto between 35 and 75 per cent. The fear of unemployment made workers hostile to the introduction of new technology. When the Spinning Jenny was introduced in the woolen industry, women who survived on hand spinning began attacking the new machines because the machine speeded up the spinning process and reduced labour demand as by turning one single wheel a worker could set in motion a number of spindles and spin several threads at a time. This conflict over the introduction of Spinning Jenny continued for a long time. (b) In the seventeenth century, merchants from towns in Europe began employing peasants and artisans within the villages due to following factors : • As a resul...