Give an account of energy flow in an ecosystem

Flow of energy and cycling of matter in ecosystems (article)
Give an account of flow of energy in an ecosystem.
CBSE Free NCERT Solution of 12th biology Ecosystem give an account of energy flow in an ecosystem (16th June 2023)
Energy Flow in an Ecosystem
Give an account of energy flow in an ecosystem.

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Flow of energy and cycling of matter in ecosystems (article)

Term Meaning Photosynthesis The process by which plants, algae, and other photosynthetic organisms capture energy from sunlight to create organic molecules that can be used as food Cellular respiration The process by which organic molecules from food react chemically with other compounds, releasing energy that is used for essential life processes Producer An organism that produces its own organic food molecules from inorganic sources, typically using energy from the sun Consumer An organism that obtains organic molecules by consuming other organisms as food. Primary consumers eat producers, secondary consumers eat primary consumers, and tertiary consumers eat secondary consumers. Decomposer An organism that obtains energy by breaking down nonliving organic matter, such as discarded plant material, the remains of dead organisms, or animal waste Food web A model that shows how matter and energy are transferred among producers, consumers, and decomposers in an ecosystem Trophic level An organism’s position relative to the primary energy source (such as the sun) in a food chain Ecological pyramid A model that represents the relative amount of matter and energy contained within each trophic level of an ecosystem Energy enters an ecosystem when producers carry out photosynthesis, capturing energy from the sun and storing it as chemical potential energy. During this process, matter from the environment (in the form of C O X 2 \ce C O X 2 and heat), or they can be stored as biom...

Give an account of flow of energy in an ecosystem.

Solution Energy Flow: Except for the deep sea hydro-thermal ecosystem, sun is the only source of energy for all ecosystems on Earth. Of the incident solar radiation less than 50 per cent of it is photosyn thetically active radiation (PAR). We know that plants and photo synthetic bacteria (autotrophs), fix Sun.s radiant energy to synthesise food from simple inorganic materials. Plants capture only 2- 10 percent of the PAR and this small amount of energy sustains the entire living world. So, it is very important to know how the solar energy captured by plants flows through different organisms of an ecosystem. All heterotrophs are dependent on the producers for their food, either directly or indirectly. The law of conservation of energy is the first law of thermodynamics. It states that energy may transform from one form into another form, but it is neither created nor destroyed. The energy that reaches earth is balanced by the energy that leaves the surface of the earth as invisible heart radiation. The energy transfers in an ecosystem are essential for sustaining life. Without energy transfers there could be no life and ecosystems. Living beings are the natural proliferations that depend on the continuous inflow of concentrated energy. Further, ecosystems are not exempted from the Second Law of thermodynamics. It states that no process involving energy transformation will spontaneously occur. unless there is degradation of energy. As per the second law of thermodynamics - t...

CBSE Free NCERT Solution of 12th biology Ecosystem give an account of energy flow in an ecosystem (16th June 2023)

Answer Energy enters an ecosystem from the Sun. Solar radiations pass through the atmosphere and are absorbed by the Earth’s surface. These radiations help plants in carrying out the process of photosynthesis. Also, they help maintain the Earth’s temperature for the survival of living organisms. Some solar radiations are reflected by the Earth’s surface. Only 2-10 percent of solar energy is captured by green plants (producers) during photosynthesis to be converted into food. The rate at which the biomass is produced by plants during photosynthesis is termed as ‘gross primary productivity’. When these green plants are consumed by herbivores, only 10% of the stored energy from producers is transferred to herbivores. The remaining 90 % of this energy is used by plants for various processes such as respiration, growth, and reproduction. Similarly, only 10% of the energy of herbivores is transferred to carnivores. This is known as ten percent law of energy flow. Popular Questions of Class 12 Biology • Q:- • Q:- • Q:- (a) Adaptations of desert plants and animals (b) Adaptations of plants to water scarcity (c) Behavioural adaptations in animals (d) Importance of light to plants (e) Effect of temperature or water scarcity and the adaptations of animals. • Q:- • Q:- • Q:- • Q:- • Q:- • Q:- • Q:- Recently Viewed Questions of Class 12 Biology • Q:- Mention two strategies evolved to prevent self-pollination in flowers. • Q:- • Q:- • Q:- • Q:- • Q:- • Q:- (a) bacteria are resistant to ...

Energy Flow in an Ecosystem

Idea for Use in the Classroom Prior to introducing the infographic, review what students already know of ecosystem food chains and trophic levels. Provide students with a copy of the infographic and have them compare and contrast each trophic level. Encourage students to focus on changes in population size at increasing trophic levels. Connect student observations to energy flow by focusing on the blue arrows within the pyramid. Ask: What do the blue arrows represent and how do they change at increasing trophic levels? How are they related to the orange arrows? Then prompt students to consider how the observed changes between trophic levels relate to these arrows. Students can put their observations in the context of energy using these encyclopedia articles about energy transfer and primary consumers within the ecosystem. Conclude by having students explain the role of solar energy within the ecosystem. Then explain that some ecosystems do not receive any sunlight, such as those existing in the deep ocean near hydrothermal vents. Challenge students to hypothesize from where these ecosystems derive energy and then use outside research to verify their predictions.