Histology meaning

Overview Cytology involves examining cells from bodily tissues or fluids under a microscope to determine a diagnosis. Image used with permission from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. What is cytology? Cytology (also known as cytopathology) involves examining cells from bodily tissues or fluids to determine a diagnosis. A certain kind of physician, called a Healthcare providers use cytology in many different areas of medicine, but cytology tests are most commonly used to screen for or diagnose cancer. What kinds of cytology are there? There are two main kinds, or branches, of cytology: exfoliative cytology and intervention cytology. Healthcare providers can use cytology tests for almost all areas of your body. Some common types of cytology tests include: • Gynecologic cytology. • Urinary cytology. • Breast cytology. • Thyroid cytology. • Lymph node cytology. • Respiratory cytology. • Eye cytology. • Ear cytology. What is exfoliative cytology? Exfoliative cytology is a branch of cytology in which the cells that a pathologist examines are either “shed” by your body naturally or are manually scraped or brushed (exfoliated) from the surface of your tissue. Examples of exfoliative cytology that involve manual tissue brushing or scraping include: • Gynecological samples: A • Gastrointestinal tract samples: Your healthcare provider can brush off cells from the lining of your gastrointestinal tract (your stomach and intestines) during an • Skin or mucus samples: Your healthcar...

Synonyms: Cortex renalis The kidneys are paired retroperitoneal organs of the Learning about kidney histology doesn’t have to be as painful as kidney stones! We have composed a simple step-by-step guide to help you master this complicated yet fascinating organ. If you need a little jump start, why not refresh your memory with our Key facts Gross anatomy Cortex (outer layer) and medulla (inner layer), calyces Nephron Main functional unit of the kidney: - Renal corpuscle; glomerulus and glomerular capsule - Renal tubule system; proximal tubule (convoluted and straight), nephron loop, distal tubule (convoluted and straight), collecting ducts Functions Urine production; maintains body fluid and electrolyte balance, blood pressure, acid base balance The kidney parenchyma consists of two layers; an outer cortex and inner medulla. They comprise around one million urine-producing nephrons. Urine is collected into a system of renal calyces, which is a series of distinctive chambers within a kidney. Calyces gradually increase in size, starting with the minor calyces, which open into larger major calyces, which empty into the renal pelvis, the urine passes into the ureter. The portion of the kidney which contains the calyces, renal pelvis, ureter and renal vessels is called the renal sinus. Kidney structure starter pack is waiting for you here: [Kidney histology] Now let’s take a closer look at the parenchyma layers. The renal cortex is the outer layer of the kidney tissue. It is...