Ip security architecture

By • • Former Senior Technology Editor What is IPsec (Internet Protocol Security)? IPsec originally defined two protocols for securing IP packets: Authentication Header (AH) and Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP). The former provides data integrity and The IPsec suite also includes Internet Key Exchange ( What is IPsec used for? IPsec is used for protecting sensitive data, such as financial transactions, medical records and corporate communications, as it's transmitted across the network. It's also used to secure virtual private networks ( Encryption at the application or the transport layers of the The transport layer and the application layer are the important OSI model layers for IPsec. IPsec protocols IPsec authenticates and encrypts data packets sent over both IPv4- and IPv6-based networks. IPsec protocol headers are found in the IP header of a packet and define how the data in a packet is handled, including its routing and delivery across a network. IPsec adds several components to the IP header, including security information and one or more cryptographic algorithms. The IPsec protocols use a format called Request for Comments (RFC) to IPsec headers appear as IP header extensions when a system is using IPsec. The following are key IPsec protocols: • IP AH. AH is specified in RFC 4302. It provides data integrity and transport protection services. AH was designed to be inserted into an IP packet to add authentication data and protect the contents from modification. ...

Chapter18 IP Security Architecture (Overview) The IP Security Architecture (IPsec) provides cryptographic protection for IP datagrams in IPv4 and IPv6 network packets. This chapter contains the following information: • • • • • • • • • • • • • To implement IPsec on your network, see What's New in IPsec? Solaris Express Community Edition: In this release, the Service Management Facility (SMF) manages IPsec as a set of services. By default, two IPsec services are enabled at system boot: • svc:/network/ipsec/policy:default • svc:/network/ipsec/ipsecalgs:default By default, the key management services are disabled at system boot: • svc:/network/ipsec/manual-key:default • svc:/network/ipsec/ike:default To activate IPsec policies under SMF, you perform the following steps: • Add IPsec policy entries to the ipsecinit.conf file. • Configure the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) or manually configure keys. • Refresh the IPsec policy service. • Enable the key management service. For more information about SMF, see Managing Services (Overview), in System Administration Guide: Basic Administration. Also see the ipsecconf and ipseckey commands have a -c option for checking the syntax of their respective configuration files. Also, the Network IPsec Management rights profile is provided for administering IPsec and IKE. Solaris Express Community Edition: In this release, IPsec fully implements tunnels in tunnel mode, and the utilities that support tunnels are modified. • • The syntax to create a...

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• • • • There are no security provisions within the IP standard that guarantee that received packets: • originate from the claimed sender • have not been inspected or modified by a third party during transmission • have not been replayed from earlier transmissions. Most of the traffic sent over JANET or the Internet is not of a nature to warrant concerns about these matters, or alternative application-level methods are available to verify the origin or encrypt transmissions. For example, HTTPS is a secure version of HTTP available for transmitting sensitive data (such as credit card details) over the World Wide Web. HTTPS is based on SSL – see Section 8. A VPN, however, will cause internal data, which is assumed to be sensitive, to be transmitted over an external shared network. Furthermore, users will expect access to all of the available local network services and so a solution that relies upon individual application security features will not be suitable. This chapter examines the security extensions to the IP standard, IPSec, that provide a framework within which encryption and authentication algorithms may be applied to IP packets. IPSec is a suite of three transport-level protocols used for authenticating the origin and content of IP packets and, optionally, for the encryption of their data payload The IPSec protocols do not define which algorithms should be used for the computations involved in encryption or in generating digital signatures. This renders the protoco...

Chapter 1 IP Security Architecture (Overview) The IP security architecture (IPsec) provides cryptographic protection for IP datagrams in IPv4 and IPv6 network packets. This protection can include confidentiality, strong integrity of the data, data authentication, and partial sequence integrity. Partial sequence integrity is also known as replay protection. IPsec is performed inside the IP module. IPsec can be applied with or without the knowledge of an Internet application. When used properly, IPsec is an effective tool in securing network traffic. This chapter contains the following information: • • • • • • • For instructions on implementing IPsec on your network, see Introduction to IPsec Figure 1–1 IPsec Applied to Outbound Packet Process Figure 1–2 IPsec Applied to Inbound Packet Process IPsec Security Associations An IPsec The security protocol (AH or ESP), destination IP address, and pf_key interface, enables privileged applications to manage the database. The in.iked daemon provides automatic key management. See the Key Management A security association contains the following information: • Material for keys for encryption and authentication • The algorithms that can be used • The identities of the endpoints • Other parameters that are used by the system ipseckey command. SAs on IPv4 and IPv6 packets can use automatic key management. See ipseckey command. The Protection Mechanisms IPsec provides two mechanisms for protecting data: • Authentication Header (AH) • Enca...

RFC 4301: Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol [ PROPOSED STANDARD Updated by: Errata Exist Network Working Group S. Kent Request for Comments: 4301 K. Seo Obsoletes: Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol Status of This Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005). Abstract This document describes an updated version of the "Security Architecture for IP", which is designed to provide security services for traffic at the IP layer. This document obsoletes Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 1] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 2] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 3] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 4] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 5] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 6] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 7] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 8] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 9] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 10] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 11] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 12] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 13] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 14] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 15] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 16] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 17] Kent & Seo Standards Track [Page 18] Kent & ...