Kub ct scan

Article: • • • • • • Images: • Clinical presentation The classical presentation is cramping abdominal pain and abdominal distension with nausea and vomiting. Radiographic findings can be evident 6-12 hours before the onset of clinical symptoms 9. Pathology Etiology Causes can be divided into congenital and acquired. Acquired causes may be extrinsic causing compression, intrinsic, or luminal. In developed countries, 3. Congenital • • • • • • Extrinsic causes • • the main cause in developed countries (75% of cases) • almost all are related to post-operative adhesions with a small percentage secondary to peritonitis • diagnosis of exclusion as adhesive bands are not seen on CT • an abrupt change in caliber without mass lesion, inflammation or bowel wall thickening at the transition point • • 10% of cases in developed countries • external hernia related to abdominal or pelvic wall defect (congenital weakness or previous surgery) • • • a rare cause of SBO • endometrial implants are typically on the anti-mesenteric edge of the bowel • solid enhancing nodule contiguous with or penetrating the thickened bowel wall • may infiltrate the submucosa with a hypoattenuating layer between the muscularis and mucosa • masses • extrinsic neoplasm • • • hematoma Intrinsic bowel wall causes • inflammation, e.g. • small bowel obstruction in Crohn disease may relate to: • acute flare with luminal narrowing secondary to transmural inflammation • cicatricial stenosis in long-standing disease • adh...

With the advancements in diagnostic and imaging technology, diagnosis and prognosis of diseases that were once obscure to the naked eye are easily made possible. Computed tomography is one such diagnostic technique that combines two technologies to generate images of body organs. One common question asked is: Can a computed tomography (CT) help figure out renal problems? And the answer to this question is yes. A CT scan of the kidney can highlight the renal problems effectively, thereby making sure your physician is fully cognizant of the actual status of your renal health. In today’s discussion, we talk about the type of computed tomography that is used to analyze kidney problems, commonly dubbed as CT KUB. What does CT KUB stand for? How is it done? Are there any risks? We answer these and many other questions in detail, in this discussion. What is CT KUB? First things first, what does this abbreviation stand for? Well, CT KUB refers to computed tomography of the kidney, ureter, and bladder [ i ] . We will like to make it very clear here, right at the very beginning of this article, that CT KUB is not the only procedure used to diagnose your kidney issues and problems. Rather, a number of other techniques like KUB-X-rays, kidney biopsies, and renal angiography can also be used to assess what is wrong with a patient’s renal system. Now that you understand what the term means, the next question would be in which cases CT KUB becomes a necessity? We talk about the indicatio...

• • • • CT scan KUB means Computed Tomography of the Kidney, Ureters, and Bladder.It is a CT scan of the kidneys, bladder, and ureters. The scan is helpful in getting images of the urinary system. The X-ray beams are able to create a 2D image of organs inside. CT Scan produces cross-sectional images of KUB area. 3D images of KUB area can be constructed from cross-sectional images. CT scans are popular because they are painless and fast. CT scans are faster than older methods of imaging. CT KUB Details in Brief Also Known as CT Kub, CT Scan Kub, CT Kub Scan Purpose CT Scan of Kidney, Ureters and Bladder Preparation NCCT Scan: No Special Preparation Required, CECT Scan: 4-6 hours of fasting Machine CT Scan (8 to 296 Slices) Reporting Time 8 to 24 hours Cost (INR) Rs 2500 to Rs 5000 A Typical CT Scan Kub Machine CT Scan KUB Procedure CT Scan KUB procedure is similar to any CT Scan. The only difference is the body part under study. CT Scan KUB procedure has the following steps: Step 1: Once you reach CT Scan room, You may be asked to wear lab/hospital gown. Step 2: You will be asked to lay on CT Table and placed inside the scanner. Step 3:Technician will activate the machine from control room/ console. Step 4:CT Scanner revolves around you & takes images using X-Ray. These images are processed in the computer to produce cross-sectional images of KUB region. Step 5: You will be removed from the scanner and may be called again to receive your report. Most centers give films or C...

Article: • • • • • • • Images: • Indications This view is useful in visualizing calcifications anywhere along the renal tract (i.e. kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra). It is also used as baseline/interval images in contrast studies (i.e. Patient position • the patient is supine, lying on their back, either on the x-ray table (preferred) or a trolley • patients should be changed into a hospital gown, with radiopaque items removed (e.g. belts, zippers, buttons, • the patient should be free from rotation; both shoulders and hips equidistant from the table/trolley • the x-ray is taken on full inspiration • this causes the diaphragm to contract, hence compressing the abdominal organs, allowing all renal contents to be visualized on a single image Technical factors • AP projection • centering point • the midsagittal point (equidistant from each ASIS) at the level of the iliac crest • collimation • laterally to the lateral abdominal wall • superior to the upper kidney pole • inferior to the inferior pubic rami • orientation • portrait • detector size • 35 cm x 43 cm • exposure • 70-80 kVp • 30-120 mAs; AEC should be used if available • SID • 100 cm • grid • yes Image technical evaluation • ensure visualization of the upper poles of both kidneys even if the diaphragm was not imaged • the abdomen should be free from rotation with symmetry of the: • ribs (superior) • iliac crests (middle) • Practical points In male patients, it is acceptable to perform imaging with collimation exte...

The #NephJC 12 was conducted onTuesday October 7 at 9PM EDT. We discussed the nephrology article from NEJM, CT scan versus ultrasound for the diagnosis of suspected kidney stones. Ultrasonography versus computed tomography for suspected nephrolithiasis. , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , PMID: Summary Setting: So, this was a multi-centre trial, carried out in 15 academic hospitals, scattered over continental US from East, West and the Middle, with UCSF as the co-ordinating centre. At UCSF, there is representation from Radiology, Epidemiology, Urology and Emergency medicine physicians, but at other centres it is mainly the ER docs who are site investigators. This makes sense because the participants were recruited from the emergency departments - so adult patients with abdominal pain presenting to the ER. Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria: Given the pragmatic nature of comparative effectiveness research, these are appropriately broad, to mimic real life clinical decisions. Inclusion: • Age 18 to 76 years • Flank or Abdominal pain • ER physician decided imaging was necessary to rule out a primary diagnosis of kidney stones Exclusion: • ER physician considered that patient was at high risk of serious alternate diagnoses (such as acute cholecystitis, appendicitis, bowel disorders, aortic aneurysm) • pregnancy • Men > 129 kg and women > 113 kg • Single kidney, kidney transplant, dialysis patients Intervention: Participants were then randomized to three options: • ...

KUB X-ray stands for kidney, ureter and bladder X-ray. This is an X-ray that may be the first step in diagnosing a condition of the urinary tract. It is best for showing stones in the urinary tract. What does a KUB X-ray show? KUB X-rays do not directly show the kidneys, ureters and bladder. They may be faintly seen at times, but often blend in with the surrounding soft tissues of the abdomen. We diagnose conditions based on where we expect the structures of the urinary tract to be. The X-ray will also show the bowel, bones and the lowest part of the chest. KUB is best done to visualize stones. Many stones can be seen on X-ray. Stones can be located in the kidneys, along the ureters, and within the bladder. We can diagnose stones in these locations because we know their expected location. Sometimes we see shadows of the bladder and kidneys. Does KUB show all stones of the urinary tract? Stones in the kidneys can be single or multiple. Many stones of the urinary tract can be seen on X-ray but there are exceptions. Some stone types are not seen on X-ray and need CT to be diagnosed. Stones can pass from the kidneys into the ureters and cause obstruction of the kidney. Is KUB good if I am passing a stone? Stones along the course of the ureters can often be seen with some exceptions. We don’t see the ureters but know their location. Stones will appear as bright white spots along the course of the ureters. We don’t know how much obstruction of the kidneys there is with x-ray. We...

Various imaging studies can be used to evaluate patients with suspected renal or urinary tract disease. [ [ [ [ Plain abdominal films are indicated for the evaluation of radiopaque kidney stones (calcium-containing stones, struvite, cystine). An advantage of the plain film is that it can be performed in pregnant and pediatric patients, since the amount of radiation exposure is limited. Intravenous pyelography (IVP) can be used to detect kidney stones and delineate the level of obstruction in patients with urinary tract obstruction. Computed tomography (CT) is an excellent tool to evaluate masses, traumatic injury to the kidney, stones, and pyelonephritis.CT scanning is superior to ultrasonography in identifying renal cysts, since it is capable of detecting small cysts (2-3 mm in diameter). [ Plain films of the abdomen are now rarely used to evaluate kidney and urinary tract disease. Plain abdominal films are indicated for the evaluation of radiopaque kidney stones (calcium-containing stones, struvite, cystine). An advantage of the plain film is that it can be performed in pregnant and pediatric patients, since the amount of radiation exposure is limited. (See the image below.) Plain film of the abdomen revealing a radiopaque staghorn calculus involving the entire pelvicalyceal system of the right kidney (arrows). This stone was composed of magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite). Surgical excision, antimicrobial treatment, and consumption of 4-5 L/d of water are all requir...

With the advancements in diagnostic and imaging technology, diagnosis and prognosis of diseases that were once obscure to the naked eye are easily made possible. Computed tomography is one such diagnostic technique that combines two technologies to generate images of body organs. One common question asked is: Can a computed tomography (CT) help figure out renal problems? And the answer to this question is yes. A CT scan of the kidney can highlight the renal problems effectively, thereby making sure your physician is fully cognizant of the actual status of your renal health. In today’s discussion, we talk about the type of computed tomography that is used to analyze kidney problems, commonly dubbed as CT KUB. What does CT KUB stand for? How is it done? Are there any risks? We answer these and many other questions in detail, in this discussion. What is CT KUB? First things first, what does this abbreviation stand for? Well, CT KUB refers to computed tomography of the kidney, ureter, and bladder [ i ] . We will like to make it very clear here, right at the very beginning of this article, that CT KUB is not the only procedure used to diagnose your kidney issues and problems. Rather, a number of other techniques like KUB-X-rays, kidney biopsies, and renal angiography can also be used to assess what is wrong with a patient’s renal system. Now that you understand what the term means, the next question would be in which cases CT KUB becomes a necessity? We talk about the indicatio...

• • • • CT scan KUB means Computed Tomography of the Kidney, Ureters, and Bladder.It is a CT scan of the kidneys, bladder, and ureters. The scan is helpful in getting images of the urinary system. The X-ray beams are able to create a 2D image of organs inside. CT Scan produces cross-sectional images of KUB area. 3D images of KUB area can be constructed from cross-sectional images. CT scans are popular because they are painless and fast. CT scans are faster than older methods of imaging. CT KUB Details in Brief Also Known as CT Kub, CT Scan Kub, CT Kub Scan Purpose CT Scan of Kidney, Ureters and Bladder Preparation NCCT Scan: No Special Preparation Required, CECT Scan: 4-6 hours of fasting Machine CT Scan (8 to 296 Slices) Reporting Time 8 to 24 hours Cost (INR) Rs 2500 to Rs 5000 A Typical CT Scan Kub Machine CT Scan KUB Procedure CT Scan KUB procedure is similar to any CT Scan. The only difference is the body part under study. CT Scan KUB procedure has the following steps: Step 1: Once you reach CT Scan room, You may be asked to wear lab/hospital gown. Step 2: You will be asked to lay on CT Table and placed inside the scanner. Step 3:Technician will activate the machine from control room/ console. Step 4:CT Scanner revolves around you & takes images using X-Ray. These images are processed in the computer to produce cross-sectional images of KUB region. Step 5: You will be removed from the scanner and may be called again to receive your report. Most centers give films or C...

Various imaging studies can be used to evaluate patients with suspected renal or urinary tract disease. [ [ [ [ Plain abdominal films are indicated for the evaluation of radiopaque kidney stones (calcium-containing stones, struvite, cystine). An advantage of the plain film is that it can be performed in pregnant and pediatric patients, since the amount of radiation exposure is limited. Intravenous pyelography (IVP) can be used to detect kidney stones and delineate the level of obstruction in patients with urinary tract obstruction. Computed tomography (CT) is an excellent tool to evaluate masses, traumatic injury to the kidney, stones, and pyelonephritis.CT scanning is superior to ultrasonography in identifying renal cysts, since it is capable of detecting small cysts (2-3 mm in diameter). [ Plain films of the abdomen are now rarely used to evaluate kidney and urinary tract disease. Plain abdominal films are indicated for the evaluation of radiopaque kidney stones (calcium-containing stones, struvite, cystine). An advantage of the plain film is that it can be performed in pregnant and pediatric patients, since the amount of radiation exposure is limited. (See the image below.) Plain film of the abdomen revealing a radiopaque staghorn calculus involving the entire pelvicalyceal system of the right kidney (arrows). This stone was composed of magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite). Surgical excision, antimicrobial treatment, and consumption of 4-5 L/d of water are all requir...