Mandible anatomy

Article: • • • • • • • Images: • Indications This projection is useful in identifying structural changes and displaced fractures of the mandible in a trauma setting, and in neoplastic or inflammatory changes. Given that this view is performed bilaterally, it allows for comparison of both sides of the mandible too. Patient position • the patient is seated upright with the side of interest closest to the detector • the head is first placed in a true lateral position • • then, the neck is sufficiently extended to prevent superimposing the mandibular rami over the cervical spine • the • demonstrate the region of the mandible of interest • prevent superimposing the opposite side Technical factors • left and right axiolateral oblique • centering point • central ray 25-30º cephalic, beam to exit at mandibular region of interest • collimation • no more than 10 x 10 cm with mandible of interest in the middle of the image • orientation • portrait • detector size • 18 cm x 24 cm • exposure • 70-75 kVp • 16-25 mAs • SID • 100 cm • grid • yes Image technical evaluation • the ramus of interest is shown with no superimposition of the opposite mandible • the mandibular ramus is not superimposed over the cervical spine Practical points • set up the x-ray tube and detector in advance; due to neck extension and tilt, patients may struggle to remain in the particular position for long, hence reducing image stability • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •...

Submandibular triangle Author: Reviewer: Last reviewed: May 25, 2023 Reading time: 9 minutes The cervical region, is perhaps one of the most anatomically complex regions of the body. Despite being a relatively small region, the contents within this region (and notably the interrelationships between them) hold a great deal of anatomical, functional and clinical relevance. To deal with the complex anatomy involved, the cervical region can be organised and divided into what are known as the Focusing specifically on the anterior triangle, it can be divided into four smaller triangles, which are the: • • • muscular (visceral) triangle • submandibular triangle This article will discuss the anatomical, surgical and clinical relevance of submandibular triangle. Submandibular triangle As mentioned above, the submandibular triangle is a subsection of the larger anterior triangle of the • Lateral: • Superior: inferior border of the • Medial: anterior midline of the Boundaries The submandibular triangle, also known as digastric triangle, is located superior to the • superiorly by the inferior border of the mandible and the mastoid process, • posteriorly by the posterior belly of the • anteriorly by the anterior belly of digastric muscle. The roof of the triangle is formed the skin, platysma and deep cervical fascia. The branches of the Digastric muscle The submandibular triangle is largely defined by the digastric muscle, which is a double-bellied muscle that depresses the mandible i....

Understanding Jaw (Orthognathic) Anatomy and Problems A jaw that’s too small, too large, or crooked can cause problems with chewing, speaking, breathing, and even sleeping. The shape of your jaws also affects the way your face looks. This sheet helps you understand how the teeth and jaws work. It also describes common jaw problems that may need treatment. How bones and teeth shape the face Bones are the framework for the face. The size and position of facial bones determine how well the teeth fit together. Together, the positions of the jaws and teeth affect chewing, speaking, and the working of the jaw joint. The jaws also hold and support soft tissues, like the muscles, lips, and tongue. And, of course, the jaws and teeth are factors in the face’s shape and appearance. • The temporomandibular joints (TMJs) allow the lower jaw to move smoothly. • The lower jaw (mandible) supports the bottom row of teeth and gives shape to the lower face and chin. This is the bone that moves as the mouth opens and closes. • The upper jaw (maxilla) holds the upper teeth, shapes the middle of the face, and supports the nose. • A good bite (occlusion) means that the upper and lower teeth are straight and fit together properly. How the jaws work Some common jaw alignment problems are described below. It’s also common to have a combination of these problems. • Lower jaw is too far back. When the lower jaw is too far back (retrognathia), biting can be difficult. The chin appears weak or receding...

Overview Jaw tumors and cysts are relatively rare growths or lesions that develop in the jawbone or the soft tissues in the mouth and face. Jaw tumors and cysts — sometimes referred to as odontogenic or nonodontogenic, depending on their origin — can vary greatly in size and severity. These growths are usually noncancerous (benign), but they can be aggressive and expand, displace or destroy the surrounding bone, tissue and teeth. Treatment options for jaw tumors and cysts vary, depending on the type of growth or lesion you have, the stage of growth, and your symptoms. Mouth, jaw and face (oral and maxillofacial) surgeons can treat your jaw tumor or cyst usually by surgery, or in some cases, by medical therapy or a combination of surgery and medical therapy. Symptoms A tumor is an abnormal growth or mass of tissue. A cyst is a lesion that contains liquid or semisolid material. Examples of jaw tumors and cysts include: • Ameloblastoma. This rare, usually noncancerous (benign) tumor begins in the cells that form the protective enamel lining on the teeth. It develops most often in the jaw near the molars. The most common type is aggressive, forming large tumors and growing into the jawbone. Although this tumor can recur after treatment, aggressive surgical treatment will typically reduce the chance of recurrence. • Central giant cell granuloma. Central giant cell granulomas are benign lesions that grow from bone cells. They most often occur in the front portion of the lower ja...

Synonyms: Os mandibulare The mandible is the largest bone of the fascial skeleton ( The mandible consists of two main parts: a body and two rami. These parts feature various anatomical landmarks participate in important functions of the mandible, for example housing the This article will discuss the Key facts about the mandible Definition A horseshoe-shaped mobile bone of the viscerocranium that forms the lower jaw and houses the mandibular teeth Main parts Body of mandible, ramus of mandible Bony landmarks of the body Mental protuberance, mental tubercle, mental foramen, oblique line of mandible, sublingual fossa, mylohyoid line, submandibular fossa, mental spines, digastric fossa, alveolar part, interalveolar septa Bony landmarks of the ramus Coronoid process, mandibular notch, condylar process, head of mandible, neck of mandible, pterygoid fovea, pterygoid tuberosity, masseteric tuberosity, angle of mandible, mandibular foramen, lingula, mylohyoid groove Body The body of mandible is its horizontal portion. It consists of two parts: • The alveolar part • The base of mandible The alveolar part is the upper portion of the body. It consists of two bony lamellae: a thick buccal lamella, and a thin lingual lamella. They are parallel to each other, forming a shallow trench on the upper surface of the alveolar part. The lamellae are connected by interalveolar septa, which cut the trench into sockets which house the mandibular teeth. [Mandible (Parts)]The mandible is composed ...