Name different types of vegetation found in india and describe the vegetation of high altitudes

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Natural Vegetation in India What is Natural Vegetation? The natural vegetation is the endowments of nature. They grow naturally by following the climatic variables. The types of natural vegetation differ according to precipitation, soil, climate, and topography. The cultivated crops and fruits, orchards form part of vegetation, but not natural vegetation. Make the best Natural Vegetation in India (UPSC Notes):- To complement your preparation for • • • • • Natural Vegetation of India India is bestowed with a wide range of flora and fauna. Due to diverse geographical and climatic conditions, an extensive range of natural vegetation grows in India. The natural vegetation of India and types of vegetation in India are important topics covered under both geography and ecology and environment for the Types of Natural Vegetation in India (V egetation Types of India) • Tropical Evergreen Rain Forests • Deciduous or Monsoon Type of Forests • Dry Deciduous Forests • Mountain Forests • Tidal or Mangrove Forests • Semi-Desert and Desert Vegetations Tropical Evergreen Rain forests The Tropical Evergreen rain forests are found in the areas where precipitation is more than 200 cm. They are largely found in the Northeastern regions of Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Assam, Nagaland, the Western Ghats, the Tarai areas of the Himalayas, and the Andaman groups of Islands. They are also found in the hills of Khasi and Jaintia. The trees in this area have intense growth. The major trees found i...

In mountainous areas, the increasing altitudecauses a change in temperature and leads to the corresponding change in the type of vegetation. There is a succession of natural vegetationin the same order as it is visible from thetropical to the tundra region. Ata height of 1000and 2000metres,the wet temperate type of forests are found. Inevergreen forests, broad-leaf trees such as oaks and chestnuts are in dominance. Temperate forests and coniferous trees are found at a height of 1500and 3000metres, trees like pine, silver fir, spruce, cedar, and deodar can befound. These forestsare inplaces of high altitude,most ofthe southern slopes of the Himalayas, in southern India, and Northeast India. At high altitudes, generally more than 3 , 600 metresabove sea level, temperate forests and grasslands are common andgive way to th e alpine vegetation. A remarkable characteristic of these forests is that they get progressively stunted as they approach the snow- line. Silver fir, junipers, pines and birches are the common trees of these forests andthrough shrubs and scrubs, they merge into the alpine grasslands used extensively for grazing by nomadic tribes like the Gujjars and the Bakarwals. Mosses and lichens form part of tundra vegetation at higher altitudes. Kashmir stag , spotted dear, wild sheep, jackrabbit, Tibetan antelope, yak, snow leopard, squirrels, shaggy horned wild ibex, bear, rare red panda, sheep, and goats with thick hairarecommon animals found in these forests.

Answer The different types of vegetation found in India are following: (i) Tropical evergreen forests (ii) Tropical deciduous forests (iii) Tropical thorn forests and scrubs (iv) Montane forests (v) Mangrove forests Alpine vegetation is found at places over the height of 3600 m. The trees common to these are following like: silver fir, junipers, pine and birches. The trees got stunted byreaching the snow line. There are shrubs and scrubs that ultimately merge into alpine grasslands. Popular Questions of Class 9 Social Science - Contemporary India • Q:- Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples. • Q:- Write short notes on the following. (i) The Indian Desert (ii) The Central Highlands (iii) The Island groups of India • Q:- Give reasons as to why. (i) Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes place over the Indian subcontinent? (ii) The bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months. (iii) The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall. (iv) The delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones. (v) Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought-prone. • Q:- Why does the rainfall decrease from the east to the west in Northern India. • Q:- The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance. Why? • Q:- Answer the following questions briefly. (i) What are the controls affecting the climate of India? (ii) Why...

Different types of vegetation in India include: • Tropical Evergreen Forests: Regions are hot and receive heavy rainfall throughout the year. • Monsoon Forests: Monsoon forests are also called as tropical deciduous forests. These include broad leaved deciduous trees. These trees shed their leaves during dry season. • Temperate Deciduous Forests: These regions have cool winters and receive moderate rainfall. • Coniferous Forests: Have cool and short summers and cold and long winters. • At higher altitudes type of vegetation found is temperate grasslands which are generally at a height more than 3600 metres above sea level. This support alpine vegetation. Silver fir, junipers, pines and birches are the common trees found in this type of forests.

Question 1: Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below. (i) To which one of the following types of vegetation does rubber belong to? (a) Tundra (b) Tidal (c) Himalayan (d) Tropical Evergreen (ii) Cinchona trees are found in the areas of rainfall more than (a) 100 cm (b) 50 cm (c) 70 cm (d) less than 50 cm (iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located? (a) Punjab (b) Delhi (c) Odisha (d) West Bengal (iv) Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the world network of bioreserve? (a) Manas (b) Nilgiri (c) Gulf of Mannar (d) Nanda devi Answers : (i) (d) Tropical Evergreen (ii) (a) 100 cm (iii) (c) Odisha (iv) (a) Manas Question 2: Answer the following questions briefly. (i) Define an ecosystem. Answer :An ecosystem is a community of plants, animals and smaller organisms that live, feed, reproduce and interact in the same area or environment. (ii) What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India? Answer :Factors responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India are- • Climate (temperature, humidity, precipitation) • Soil • Drainage (iii) What is a bio-reserve? Give two examples. Answer : protected area reserved for the conservation of endangered species of flora (plants) and fauna (animals) in their natural habitat is called a bio-reserve. The Sunderbans in the West Bengal and Nanda Devi in Uttaranchal are the two examples of bio-reserves in India. (iv) Name t...

The different types of vegetation found in India are: (i) Tropical Evergreen Forests (ii) Tropical Deciduous Forests (iii) Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs (iv) Montane Forests (v) Mangrove Forests A description of the vegetation of high altitudes : In mountainous regions, there is a succession of natural vegetation belts in the same order as we see from the tropical to the tundra regions. (a)The wet temperate types of forestsare found between a height of 1,000 and 2,000 metres. Evergreen broad-leaf trees such as oaks and chestnuts are predominant in this area. (b)Between 1,500 and 3,000 metres, temperate forests containing coniferous treeslike pine, deodar and spruce are found. These forests cover mostly the southern slopes of the Himalayas and places having high altitude in southern and north-east India. (c)At higher elevations, temperate grasslandsare common. (d)At altitudes higher than 3,600 metres, temperate forests and grasslands give way to the alpine vegetation. Silver fir, pines and birches are the common trees of these forests. They get progressively stunted as they approach the snow-line. (e) Ultimately through shrubs and scrubs, they merge into the alpine grasslands. (f) At higher altitudes, mosses and lichensform part of tundra vegetation.