Name the mineral that is responsible for synthesis of hormone secreted by thyroid gland

They’re two tyrosine-based iodine-containing hormones that help regulate our T3 and T4 are produced by the If we zoom into the Follicular cells are bipolar cells - with an apical side that surrounds a central cavity or lumen filled with the colloid, which is a fluid that contains the precursor hormone thyroglobulin. Thyroglobulin is a large glycoprotein that is synthesized by the follicular cells and then it is secreted into the lumen of the follicle to be stored in the colloid. The basolateral side of follicular cells is in contact with blood vessels. The basolateral membrane contains a sodium-iodide symporter, which pumps two sodium ions into the cell down their electrochemical gradient, in order to bring one iodide ion into the cell from blood. Iodide is then pumped into the colloid through an ion transporter called pendrin, which exchanges iodide for chloride, since they’re both negatively charged. Once iodide is in the colloid, it undergoes oxidation with the enzyme thyroperoxidase, which changes it into an iodine It’s then attached to tyrosine amino acid residues which are found throughout thyroglobulin. This process is called iodination. Some tyrosine residues are bound by only one iodine, whereas others are bound by two iodine These molecules are then linked together by thyroperoxidase. Linking one MIT with one DIT creates T3, while linking two DIT molecules creates T4 - and both T3 and T4 remain bound to thyroglobulin. You see - thyroglobulin basically serve...

Your hypothalamus, a structure deep in your brain, acts as your body’s smart control coordinating center. Its main function is to keep your body in a stable state called homeostasis. It does its job by directly influencing your autonomic nervous system or by managing hormones. Many conditions can damage your hypothalamus, which can affect many bodily functions. Function The hypothalamus helps manage your body temperature, hunger and thirst, mood, sex drive, blood pressure and sleep. What is the hypothalamus? The hypothalamus is a structure deep within your brain. It’s the main link between your What does your hypothalamus do? Your hypothalamus receives chemical messages from nerve cells in your brain and from nerve cells in your body (your peripheral nervous system), which is also responding to signals outside your body. Your hypothalamus’s main function is to react to these messages to keep your body in a stable state or internal balance. Just like you may have a “smart control” system to seamlessly manage all functions in your home, your hypothalamus is your body’s “smart control” coordinating center. Your hypothalamus helps manage your: • Body temperature. • • Hunger and thirst. • Sense of fullness when eating. • Mood. • Sex drive. • Your hypothalamus performs many of its “body balancing” jobs either by directly influencing the autonomic nervous system or by managing hormones. Your autonomic nervous system (bodily functions that work automatically) control several impor...

There are also two types of cells that make up thyroid tissue—follicular cells and parafollicular cells. These two cells are responsible for producing certain hormones that the thyroid gland then secretes into the bloodstream. Follicular cells (also referred to as thyroid epithelial cells, which makes up a majority of the thyroid gland) create thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which are the major metabolism-regulating hormones, while the parafollicular cells (also called C cells) create calcitonin, which helps regulate calcium and phosphate levels in the blood. Anatomical Variations There are a number of variations the thyroid gland can take on, and this may affect how the thyroid operates and what disorders arise because of these differences. In a study of 52 male cadavers and 18 females, 9.6% of the males and 5.6% of females were missing the isthmus in their thyroid gland. It’s also possible for lobes of the thyroid to be different sizes from one another. Some individuals have a pyramidal lobe, which is considered a third lobe in the thyroid that stems out from the isthmus. Some thyroid glands may or may not also have levator glandulae thyroideae, a fibrous band that stretches from a pyramidal lobe to the isthmus. RyanKing999/Getty Images Function The thyroid gland is controlled by the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, which are both located in the brain. The hypothalamus releases thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which then tells the pituitary gland to re...