Parts of long bone

What is bone? Bone is living tissue that makes up the body's skeleton. There are 3 types of bone tissue, including the following: • Compact tissue. The harder, outer tissue of bones. • Cancellous tissue. The sponge-like tissue inside bones. • Subchondral tissue. The smooth tissue at the ends of bones, which is covered with another type of tissue called cartilage. Cartilage is the specialized, gristly connective tissue that is present in adults. It is also the tissue from which most bones develop in children. The tough, thin outer membrane covering the bones is called the periosteum. Beneath the hard outer shell of the periosteum are tunnels and canals through which blood and lymphatic vessels run to carry nourishment for the bone. Muscles, ligaments, and tendons may attach to the periosteum. Bones are classified by their shape—as long, short, flat, and irregular. Primarily, they are referred to as long or short. There are 206 bones in the human skeleton, not including teeth and sesamoid bones (small bones found within cartilage): • 80 axial bones. This includes the head, facial, hyoid, auditory, trunk, ribs, and sternum. • 126 appendicular bones. This includes arms, shoulders, wrists, hands, legs, hips, ankles, and feet. What are the functions of bone? Bone provides shape and support for the body, as well as protection for some organs. Bone also serves as a storage site for minerals and provides the medium—marrow—for the development and storage of blood cells. What are the...

Synonyms: Lisfranc's tubercle, Tuberculum scaleni Lisfranci Bone markings are projections and depressions found on This article will discuss their Bone markings Parts of a bone Head (epiphysis) Neck (metaphysis) Body (diaphysis) Articular surface Projections and parts Condyle Epiconcyle Process Protuberance Tubercle vs tuberosity Trochanter Spine Linea (line) Facet Crests and ridges Openings and depressions Foramen and fissure Meatus Fossa and fovea Incisure and sulcus Sinus + Show all Parts of a bone Understanding the basic composition and structure of a bone is important, as it provides a reference point when describing the location of bony landmarks. Long bones are composed of four distinct parts: a head (epiphysis), a neck (metaphysis), a body (diaphysis), and an articular surface. • The head, or epiphysis (epi- meaning "upon") of a bone refers to the rounded portion found at either ends of the bone. • The neck, or metaphysis (meta- meaning "after", or "subsequent to") is the widest part of a long bone. • The body, or diaphysis (dia- meaning "through" or "throughout") refers to the central shaft running between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. • The articular surface (can be more than one) is the area of the bone that comes in close proximity with the neighbouring bones. Memorizing the prefix of each part of the bone will help you to avoid confusing them. Simply remember that the diaphysis extends throughout the central length of the bone, with the metaphysis...

Rarely are the bones of the body thought of as being living tissue, but they are. Similar to all other tissues in the body, the bones are made up of living cells that carry out many functions. The main cells found in the bones of the body are called osteocytes. They are the longest living of all of the bone cells, and they make up about 95% of the cells in the bone. Osteoblasts are bone cells that are responsible for creating the extracellular matrix of the bone. Bone Shape Bones can be described in many ways, and one of the easiest ways to categorize them is by their shape. There are five main shapes of bones. These are long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones. Long bones are longer than they are wide and are primarily responsible for the structural support of our skeleton. Examples include the femur, or thigh bone, and the bones which make up our arms: the humerus, ulna, and radius. Short bones are as wide as they are long. These provide support and stability with little movement. Examples of short bones are the tarsals in the foot and carpals in the hand. These are the bones that make up your ankle and wrist, respectively. Flat bones are just that: flat. They provide surface area for protection or provide a flat surface for muscle to attach to. The best examples of flat bones are our ribs (think about all the organs that your rib cage protects!). Irregular bones are bones that don't fall squarely into any other category. These bones tend ...

Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Long bone anatomy A long bone is a bone that has greater length than width. A long bone has a shaft and 2 ends. Long bones have a thick outside layer of compact bone and an inner medullary cavity containing bone marrow. The ends of a long bone contain spongy bone and an epiphyseal line. The epiphyseal line is a remnant of an area that contained hyaline cartilage that grew during childhood to lengthen the bone. Long bones contain yellow bone marrow and red bone marrow, which produce blood cells. The thigh bone (femur) is a long bone. Some bones in the fingers are classified as long bones, even though they are short in length. This is due to the shape of the bones, not their size. All of the bones in the arms and legs, except the patella, and bones of the wrist, and ankle, are long bones. Long bone structure A typical long bone consists of the following parts: • The diaphysis (growing between) is the shaft of a long bone — the long, cylindrical, main portion of the bone. • The epiphyses (growing over; singular is epiphysis) are the proximal and distal ends of the bone. • The metaphyses (between; singular is metaphysis) are the regions between the diaphysis and the epiphyses. In a growing bone, each metaphysis contains an epiphyseal (growth) plate, a layer of hyaline cartilage that allows the diaphysis of the bone to grow in length. When a bone ceases to grow in length at about ages 14–24, the cartilage in the epiphyseal plate is replace...

The femur is the thigh bone, the largest and strongest bone in the human body. It supports the weight of the body and helps you move. Reaching from the hip to the knee, the femur is extremely hard and not easy to break. A broken thigh bone is one of the few simple fractures that can be considered life-threatening because it can cause significant Verywell / Cindy Chung In younger people, femur fractures are usually the result of motor vehicle accidents or other high-impact collisions. In seniors, where bone density has weakened with age, a fall may be responsible. In some older people, a fall-related fracture may involve both the femur and the hip. • Noussios G, Theologou K, Chouridis P, Karavasilis G, Alafostergios G, Katsourakis A. Journal of Clinical Medicine Research. 2019;11(11):740-744. doi: 10.14740/jocmr3986 • UpToDate. • U.S. National Library of Medicine. • National Cancer Institute. • Petitpas F, Guenezan J, Vendeuvre T, Scepi M, Oriot D, Mimoz O. Crit Care. 2016;20(1):102. doi:10.1186/s13054-016-1277-6 • AlTurki AA, AlAqeely KS, AlMugren TS, AlZimami IS. Saudi Medical Journal. 2019;40(1):41-44. doi: 10.15537/smj.2019.1.21547 • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. • U.S. National Library of Medicine MedlinePlus. • Dawson-Amoah K, Raszewski J, Duplantier N, Waddell BS. Ochsner Journal. 2018;18(3):242-252. doi: 10.31486/toj.17.0079 • Sheehan SE, Shyu JY, Weaver MJ, Sodickson AD, Khurana B. RadioGraphics. 2015;35(5):1563-1584. doi: 10.1148/rg.2015140301 • UpTo...