Phosgene gas formula

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We’ve all been in the unenviable position of unsweating a compressor and getting blasted in the eyes with a waft of gas that smells like burning sulfur from the pits of Hades. As we stagger back, covering our noses and holding our breaths, memories of the phrase “phosphene gas” from trade school or World War I documentaries echo in our minds. Panic sets in. Recalling rumors of HVAC technicians dying from exposure to phosgene gas, we evacuate the premises in search of fresh air. As a lover of the outdoors, I'm used to experiencing this scenario regularly as an excuse. However, lately, I researched the phenomenon and learned that phosgene, like the monsters in our childhood closets, is a danger largely consigned to the past. F atal phosgene exposure for HVAC technicians in the present day is exceedingly rare. Phosgene's Macabre History Phosgene, also known as carbonyl chloride (COCl ²), is a highly toxic gas having an odor traditionally described as like that of musty hay. (That comparison may need to be updated for the 21st century; if you're like me, you've probably never smelled musty hay). Synthesized in 1812 by Cornish chemist John Davy, phosgene became famous in the European trenches of WWI. It was responsible for up to 85% of fatalities due to chemical gas attacks. Following its extensive use during the war years, phosgene was stockpiled by countries preparing for future military action, with the Soviets using it most often in World War II. Although not as dangerous a...

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y Y N ?) Infobox references Phosgene is the chemical compound with the formula COCl 2. This colorless gas gained infamy as a synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds. In low concentrations, its odor resembles freshly cut hay or grass. organochlorine compounds, such as those used in refrigeration systems. phosphorus (cf. phosphine). Contents • 1 Structure and basic properties • 2 Production • 2.1 Adventitious occurrence • 3 Uses • 3.1 Synthesis of carbonates • 3.2 Synthesis of isocyanates • 3.3 Laboratory uses • 4 Other chemistry • 5 History • 5.1 Chemical warfare • 6 Safety • 7 See also • 8 References • 9 External links Structure and basic properties [ ] Phosgene is a planar molecule as predicted by VSEPR theory. The C=O distance is 1.18 Å, the C—Cl distance is 1.74 Å and the Cl—C—Cl angle is 111.8°. acid chlorides, being formally derived from carbonic acid. Production [ ] Industrially, phosgene is produced by passing purified carbon monoxide and chlorine gas through a bed of porous activated carbon, which serves as a catalyst: CO + Cl 2 → COCl 2 (ΔH rxn = −107.6kJ/mol) The reaction is exothermic, therefore the reactor must be cooled. Typically, the reaction is conducted between 50 and 150 °C. Above 200 °C, phosgene reverts to carbon monoxide and chlorine, K eq (300K) = 0.05. World production of this compound was estimated to be 2.74 million tonne...

Chemical compound Carbonyl fluoride is a 2. It is a C 2v Preparation and properties [ ] Carbonyl fluoride is usually produced as a decomposition product of fluorinated hydrocarbons in the thermal decomposition thereof, for example from CF 4 + H 2O → COF 2 + 2 HF Carbonyl fluoride can also be prepared by reaction of phosgene with CO + 2 AgF 2 → COF 2 + 2 AgF Carbonyl fluoride is unstable in the presence of water, hydrolyzing to carbon dioxide and COF 2 + H 2O → CO 2 + 2 HF Safety [ ] Carbonyl fluoride is toxic with a References [ ] • ^ a b c d e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. • Chemistry of the Elements (2nded.). 978-0-08-037941-8. • M. W. Farlow; E. H. Man; C. W. Tullock (1960). "Carbonyl Fluoride". Inorganic Syntheses. Inorganic Syntheses. Vol.6. pp.155–158. 9780470132371. • NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Retrieved 2013-09-10.