Preparation of potassium permanganate class 12

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Write the ionic equations for the reactions. The preparation of potassium permanganate can be done from pyrolusite (MnO 2). The ore is fused with KOH in the presence of either atmospheric oxygen or an oxidising agent, such as KNO 3or KClO 4, to yield K 2MnO 4. The green mass can be extracted with the help of water and then oxidized either electrolytically or by passing chlorine/ozone into the solution. Electrolytic oxidation can be shown as: \[4\]​ (i) Acidified KMnO 4 solution oxidizes Fe (II) ions to Fe (III) ions i.e., Fe 2+ to Fe +3 ions. Acidified potassium permanganate oxidizes SO 2 to sulphuric acid. Acidified potassium permanganate oxidizes oxalic acid to carbon dioxide.

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BACKGROUND Potassium permanganate is an oxidizing agent. It can retain its concentration over a long period under proper storage conditions. The reactions of permanganate in solution are rapid. It also acts as self-indicator as its slight excess gives a distinct pink color to the solution. It’s not a primary standard. Telegram Facebook Website The ability of potassium permanganate solution to oxidize is due to the conversion of MnO 4 – ion to Mn 2+ in acidic solution & to MnO 4 2- in alkaline & MnO 2 in neutral solution. The MnO 4 – ion is reduced in accordance with the following reactions. 1 In acidic medium: Equivalent Weight = Molecular Weight / No. of electrons transferred = 158/5 = 31.6≈32 So, 32 gm of KMnO 4 when dissolved in 1000 ml of water = 1N KMnO 4 Therefore 3.2 gm of KMnO 4 when dissolved in 1000ml of water = 0.1N KMnO 4 As potassium permanganate is not a primary standard it can be standardized by using sodium oxalate or oxalic acid. The former is preferred over oxalic acid as available in a higher standard of purity (99.95%). It’s available in the anhydrous form. Equivalent weight of Na 2C 2O 4 = Molecular weight / 2 = 134.01/ 2 = 67.01 67.01 gm of Sodium oxalate when dissolved in 1000ml of water = 1N oxalic acid 6.701 gm of Sodium oxalate when dissolved in 1000ml of water = 0.1N oxalic acid Hence, based on the above theory our aim is to prepare and standardize potassium permanganate solution with oxalic acid. REQUIREMENTS Apparatus: Watch glass, Beaker – 250...

Preparation of potassium permanganate, K M n O 4 ​ from pyrolusite ore M n O 2 ​ . (i) Pyrolusite ore is fused with K O H (or K 2 ​ C O 3 ​ ) in presence of air (or oxidising agents such as K N O 3 ​ or K C l O 3 ​ ) to give potassium manganate K 2 ​ M n O 4 ​ (green mass). 2 M N O 2 ​ + 4 K O H + O 2 ​ D e l t a ​ 2 K 2 ​ M n O 4 ​ + 2 H 2 ​ O (ii) Extraction of green mass with water followed by oxidation with chlorine (or ozone or C O 2 ​ ) gives potassium permanganate. 2 K 2 ​ M n O 4 ​ + C l 2 ​ → 2 K C l + 2 K M n O 4 ​ On concentrating the solution, dark purple crystals of potassium permanganate separates out. Note: In neutral or acidic medium, manganate ion will disproportionate to permanganate ion. 3 M n O 4 2 − ​ + 4 H + → 2 M n O 4 − ​ + M n O 2 ​ + 2 H 2 ​ O Convertion of manganate to permanganate can also be carried by electrolytic oxidation. Reactions of acidified permanganate solution with (i) iron(II) ions (ii) S O 2 ​ and (iii) oxalic acid: 2 M n O 4 − ​ + 1 0 F e 2 + + 1 6 H + → 2 M n 2 + + 1 0 F e 3 + + 8 H 2 ​ O 2 M n O 4 − ​ + 5 S O 2 ​ + 2 H 2 ​ O → 5 S O 4 2 − ​ + 2 M n 2 + + 4 H + 2 M n O 4 − ​ + 5 C 2 ​ O 4 2 − ​ + 1 6 H + → 2 M n 2 + + 8 H 2 ​ O + 1 0 C O 2 ​

• Course • NCERT • Class 12 • Class 11 • Class 10 • Class 9 • Class 8 • Class 7 • Class 6 • IIT JEE • Exam • JEE MAINS • JEE ADVANCED • X BOARDS • XII BOARDS • NEET • Neet Previous Year (Year Wise) • Physics Previous Year • Chemistry Previous Year • Biology Previous Year • Neet All Sample Papers • Sample Papers Biology • Sample Papers Physics • Sample Papers Chemistry • Download PDF's • Class 12 • Class 11 • Class 10 • Class 9 • Class 8 • Class 7 • Class 6 • Exam Corner • Online Class • Quiz • Ask Doubt on Whatsapp • Search Doubtnut • English Dictionary • Toppers Talk • Blog • Download • Get App (i) Laboratory preparation: In a laboratory, K M n O 4 can be prepared by oxidation of Mn(II) salts by peroxodisulphate 2 M n 2 + + 5 S 2 O 2 − 8 + 8 H 2 O → 2 M n O − 4 + 10 S O 2 − 4 + 16 H + (ii) Commercial preparation: Step-1 Conversion of M n O 2 to potassium manganate. A dark coloured potassium manganate ( K 2 M n O 4 ) is obtained when M n O 2 is fused with an alkali metal hydroxide in presence of oxidizing agent such as K n O 3. 2 M n O 2 + 4 K O H + O 2 → 2 K 2 M n O 4 ( Green ) + 2 H 2 O Step-2 Conversion of K 2 M n O 4 to K M n O 4 (i) Potassium manganate disproportionates in a neutral or acidic medium to give potassium permanganate 3 M n O 2 − 4 + 4 H + → 2 M n O − 4 ( dark purple ) + M n O 2 + 2 H 2 O ( Brown ppt ) The above reaction can also be carried out using a current of C O 2 , C l 2 OR O 3. (ii) Electrolytic method: This is the modern method of conversion of pot...