Rio summit

Small Island Developing States (SIDS) were recognized as a distinct group of developing countries facing specific social, economic and environmental vulnerabilities at the The • (a) To adopt and implement plans and programmes to support the sustainable development and utilization of their marine and coastal resources, including meeting essential human needs, maintaining biodiversity and improving the quality of life for island people; • (b) To adopt measures which will enable small island developing States to cope effectively, creatively and sustainably with environmental change and to mitigate impacts and reduce the threats posed to marine and coastal resources." In April 1994, the In 1999, the The In 2010, the General Assembly decided to conduct a The Iin September 2019, the General Assembly, at its 74th session, convened a one-day There are 38 UN Member States and 20 non-UN members/Associate Members of Regional Commissionsin the Small Island Developing States group. UN MEMBER STATES (38): NON-UN MEMBERS/ASSOCIATE MEMBERS OF REGIONAL COMMISSIONS (20): American Samoa,Anguilla,Aruba,Bermuda,British Virgin Islands,Cayman Islands,Commonwealth of Northern Marianas,Cook Islands,Curacao, French Polynesia,Guadeloupe,Guam,Martinique,Montserrat,New Caledonia,Niue,Puerto Rico,Sint Maarten,Turks and Caicos Islands,U.S. Virgin Islands In the • Build resilience to the impacts of climate change; • Improve the baseline monitoring of island systems and the downscaling of climate model pr...

• The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development ( UNCED), also known as the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, the Rio Summit, the Rio Conference, and the Earth Summit (Portuguese: ECO92), was a major United Nations conference held in Rio de Janeirofrom 3 to 14 June 1992. • Earth Summit was created as a response for Member States to cooperate together internationally on development issues after the Cold War. • In 2012, the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development was also held in Rio, and is also commonly called Rio+20 or Rio Earth Summit 2012. The Earth Summit resulted in the following documents: • Rio Declaration on Environment and Development • Agenda 21 • Forest Principles Moreover, important legally binding agreements (Rio Convention) were opened for signature: • Convention on Biological Diversity • Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) • United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification In order to ensure compliance to the agreements at Rio (particularly the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development and Agenda 21), delegates to the Earth Summit established the Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD). In 2013, the CSD was replaced by the High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development that meets every year as part of the ECOSOC meetings, and every fourth year as part of the General Assembly meetings. Critics point out that many of the agreements made in Rio have not been realized regarding such fundamental issues as figh...

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A new blueprint for international action on the environment The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the 'Earth Summit', was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 3-14 June 1992. This global conference, held on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the f The Rio de Janeiro conference highlighted how different social, economic and environmental factors are interdependent and evolve together, and howsuccess in one sector requires action in other sectors to be sustained over time. The primary objective of the Rio 'Earth Summit'was to produce a broad agenda and a new blueprint for international action on environmental and development issues that would help guide international cooperation and development policy in the twenty-first century. The 'Earth Summit' concluded thatthe concept of sustainable development was an attainable goal for all the people of the world, regardless of whether they wereat the local, national, regional or international level. It alsorecognized that integrating and balancing economic, social and environmental concerns in meeting our needsis vital for sustaining human life on the planet and that such an integrated approach is possible. The conferencealso recognized that integrating and balancing economic, social and environmental dimensions requirednew perceptions of the way we produce and consume, the way we live and work, and the way we make decisions. Thisconcept was revolutionary for its time, andit sparked...

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) sets an overall framework for intergovernmental efforts to tackle the challenge posed by climate change. Its objectives are to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference with the climate system, within a time-frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change. The UNFCCC secretariat is based in Bonn, Germany. The key objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) are the conservation of biological diversity, its sustainable use, and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from commercial and other utilization of genetic resources. The Convention also covers biotechnology, and all possible domains that are directly or indirectly related to biodiversity and its role in development, ranging from science, politics and education to agriculture, business and culture. The secretariat of the CBD is based in Montreal, Canada. The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) aims to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought in countries experiencing serious drought and/or desertification, particularly in Africa, through effective actions at all levels. These are supported by international co-operation and partnership arrangements, through an integrated approach which is consistent with Agenda 21, with a view to contributing to sustainable development in the affect...

THE RECENTLY-concluded Rio conference commemorated the 20th anniversary of the 1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment held at Stockholm. The Stockholm Conference was a watershed in the international environmenial movement - it put environmental issues on the international agenda for the first time. It was Sweden which had first proposed the idea of a UN Conference on the Human Environment (UNCHE) in 1968. Acid rain, coupled with global consequences of the fall-out from nuclear tests in the 1950s, had brought home the message that humanity had "only one earth". Thousands of young people across the inclustrialised world were already fighting their governments against the establishment of nuclear power stations. As news broke of one deadly inci4nt after another, some feared that water and air pollutiolh was getting out of hand. Rachel Carson's book, Silent Spring, which had come out in 1962, had been a significant event. It had aroused widespread public apprehension about the new chemicals used in agriculture. Sea-faring celebrities like Thor Heyerdahl and Joan Jacques Cousteau had reported dying and polluted oceans. And the population explosion had raised fears that the world would soon run short of food and natural resources. One book that captured world attention immediateiv before the Stockholm conference was Limits to Growth Donella and Dennis Meadows. Coming from a highly technocratic institution like the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and using detailed co...