The general formula for saturated hydrocarbons is C n H 2n +2 (assuming non-cyclic structures) as shown in hexane (C 6 H 14) below. Cycloalkanes are hydrocarbons containing one or more carbon rings to which hydrogen atoms are attached. The general formula for a cyclic hydrocarbon containing one ring is C n H 2n as shown in cyclohexane (C 6 H 12.

Smoke testing, also known as “Build Verification Testing” or “Build Acceptance Testing,” is a type of software testing that is typically performed at the beginning of the development process to ensure that the most critical functions of a software application are working correctly.