Stream bank erosion

Streambank erosion is a natural phenomenon but can become accelerated because of changes at the watershed and/or reach level. Background conditions are established using old photographs and maps and compare rates over time, in the context of floods, and watershed and reach level changes. These are combined with recognizing reach level changes in stage of channel evolution, scour patterns, sediment deposits, side slopes, slumping, and cultural features. Changes at the watershed level might be caused by logging, mining, road building, Changes at the reach level might be riparian area modifications due to vegetation change or loss, animal use, stream channel straightening, or channel excavation and/or removal of material (stream bed mining), avulsion (abrupt change in stream course, such as meander neck cut-off) or climate change. Investigate whether bank instability is caused by cantilever failure (Figures 1 and 2); planer failure (Figure 3); rotational failure (Figure 4); preferential flow failure including piping (Hagerty, 1991); high pore pressure; liquefaction and seepage forces especially during the falling stage of floods; popout failure; or because bank height exceeds some critical bank height (Schumm et al. 1984, Reckendorf and Tice, 2001, 2002, Reckendorf, 1996) (Figure 5). Investigate if failure mechanisms are accelerated or modified by a stratigraphy caused cantilever (Reckendorf, 2009, 2008, 2001, 1996, 1989). Is failure mechanism accelerated by: Rc/Wbkf geometry...

Throughout the United States, aggressive land development projects have raised the issue of environmental protection and habitat restoration to new heights. Never has the value and use of land and water played such an important part in the dialogue between developers and environmental conservationists. Enhancing Value Through Sustained Environmental Integrity As the value of land in and around streambanks has increased, engineers at the ERDC Coastal & Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL)have responded to the need for effective stream erosion control and bed and bank protection training and techniques. • Streambank Erosion and Protection, PROSPECT Course #285offers the latest innovative solutions, practical knowledge and design considerationsin river mechanics, geomorphology, and streambank protection and associated erosion control. • Advanced Streambank Protection, PROSPECT Course #394offers the latest innovations in guidance on system-wide watershed rehabilitation by introducing advanced concepts in fluvial geomorphology and channel dynamics, along with engineering methods for conducting background assessments and field data investigations, selecting and siting structures, evaluating channel stability, and producing stable channel designs. • Advanced River Mechanics Workshops, funded through various methods from internal USACE funding mechanisms such as Water Operations Technical Support (WOTS) requests to funded outside USACE from other Federal, State or local groups. The primary...

Much of what we do in sustainable land management and permaculture design revolves around repairing the damage that humanity has done. How and where we are able to do so is a very important thing to consider and to talk about as we aim to move forwards into a more eco-friendly and sustainable future. Whether you have a river on your own property or are looking at getting involved with a riverbank restoration scheme in the broader area where you live, here are some things that you should know about restoring riverbanks with the right riparian planting, riparian buffer zones, and potential reintroductions. Riparian Buffer Zones In certain situations, it may be beneficial to create special riparian buffer zones along the banks of a river or stream. The idea is that these zones are protected zones, free from too much human intervention, protected from overgrazing, kept free of traffic or machinery, and so forth. Re-Introductions for Riparian Ecosystems Sometimes, creating the perfect natural environment for a particular location might require some additional thought. Sometimes, we might amend the slope of a riverbank or contour the bank differently around a curve in order to reduce erosion or slow the speed of flow.

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