Suggest a method to liquefy atmospheric gases

Hint:You should know that Thomas Andrew was the first person to study the change of state from gases to liquids in Carbon Dioxide. Generally Study of liquefaction of gases tells us about changes in the properties and structure of a gas. Complete step by step answer: You should know that critical temperature and critical pressure play an important role in liquefaction of gases. In simple words liquefaction of gases is the process by which a gas is converted to a liquid. Generally, Liquefaction of a gas occurs when its molecules are pushed closer together. Gas molecules can be squeezed together by one of two methods: by increasing the pressure on the gas or by lowering the temperature of the gas. The critical temperature of a gas is the temperature at or above which no amount of pressure will cause the gas to liquefy. The minimum pressure required to liquefy the gas at the critical temperature is called the critical pressure. On a very general basis, gases can be liquefied by compressing the gas at temperatures less than its critical temperature; or by making the gas do some kind of work against an external force, causing the gas to lose energy and change to the liquid state; and by using the Joule-Thomson effect. Similarly, Atmospheric gases can be liquefied by applying pressure and lowering temperature. When enough pressure is applied, the gases are highly compressed into a small volume. The particles of gases get so close together that they start attracting one another su...

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When the atmospheric gases are compressed under high pressure , the particles of the gas come closer. • Due to this, the space between the particles decreases. • After applying a certain pressure, the particles of gases start attracting each other, resulting in the formation of a liquid. • When the change of state from gaseous to liquid takes place, a lot of heat is released. • Hence, to take away this heat released during the process, the temperature is also decreased.

Hint: We know that the gases present in the earth’s atmosphere are referred to as atmospheric gases. A major portion of atmospheric gas comprises nitrogen and oxygen. Other gases include $C or - 200^\circ C\]. To attain this much low temperature only by cooling is a much difficult task to perform. So, it is quite difficult to liquefy the atmospheric gases only by cooling them to a lower temperature. So, in order to liquefy the atmospheric gases, it is necessary to compress them and bring their molecules much closer to each other. This can be done by applying a very high pressure to them so that they can be compressed easily. Along with this, there is also a need to lower down the temperature to a great extent. When the atmospheric gases are exposed to a very high pressure the particles of the gas get closely packed with each other occupying a very small volume. But during this process of compressing them a large amount of heat is produced. So, in order to reduce the effect of heat produced it becomes necessary to lower the temperature of the gases. Hence, the atmospheric gases can be liquefied by exposing them to a very high pressure and low temperature. Note:Thus, due to the existence of atmospheric gases as liquid at extremely low temperature, it becomes practically impossible to liquefy them merely by cooling. So in order to make the liquefaction of the atmospheric gases practically easy and possible, they are made exposed to the extremely high pressure and a very low t...