The first stream of human migration to assam was

• Sustainable Lifestyles and Education • Sustainable Agriculture and Integrated Development • Sustainable Cities and Ecology • Resilient and Equitable Communities • Green Economy and Enterprise • Building Narratives For Sustainability • Get Involved • News • FARM SCHOOL SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAM • GREEN THE MAP • About Us • Origin • Thrust Area • Team • Governing Body • Reports • Blog Stories • Contact Us • Donate • BLOG • Resources Climate change experts at the UN Food and Agriculture Organization have said that catastrophic floods like the one this year has wide-ranging impacts, from farmers losing their crops and being trapped in a cycle of debt to children not being able to go to school and at increased risk to disease. The event that made headlines was the deadly flood in Assam. Most people focused on the humanitarian consequences, not the supply chain. Certainly, the humanitarian aspect is most critical. The world may watch such a disaster and feel compassion for the people of Assam, but they may not realize that they are affected by the crisis too, albeit economically. Hence, here are few other dimensions to the matter that we at Swechha wish to share with you. • Climate catastrophic events are among the leading drivers of human mobility especially in North and North Eastern parts of India. Yet, lawful pathways for those who move across international borders in this context remain limited, and often uncertain. • At the global level, a number of key frameworks provide i...

Grotte Mandrin isn’t an extensive cave; it’s just a deep overhang in southern France that provides protection from the elements. But the shelter nestled inside a rock outcropping has wide views over a Rhône Valley once teeming with deer, bison and horses. So Neanderthals found the location attractive enough to call it home, seasonally at least, for tens of thousands of years. And they weren’t the only species to move in. A broken molar and sophisticated stone points suggest that Europe’s first known humans may have lived here 54,000 years ago, subsequently alternating occupation with Neanderthals during thousands of years of European prehistory. Now the striking similarities between these finds and tools from the Near East, PLOS One, have made Grotte Mandrin the epicenter of an intriguing theory that could write new chapters in the story of how humans inhabited Europe, and what their arrival meant for the continent’s Neanderthal inhabitants. The provocative new theory suggests modern humans colonized Europe in three distinct waves of migration from the Near East, interacting with Neanderthals intermittently for thousands of years while they attempted to gain a foothold. French archaeologist Ludovic Slimak believes that sophisticated stone tools found in France were produced by systematic technical methods so similar to those seen among Homo sapiens in Lebanon that they must have come from the same culture. The comparisons of thousands of tools—and a single surprising human...

• Homo sapiens, the first modern humans, evolved from their early hominid predecessors between 200,000 and 300,000 years ago. They developed a capacity for language about 50,000 years ago. • The first modern humans began moving outside of Africa starting about 70,000-100,000 years ago. • Humans are the only known species to have successfully populated, adapted to, and significantly altered a wide variety of land regions across the world, resulting in profound historical and environmental impacts. Homo sapiens is part of a group called hominids, which were the earliest humanlike creatures. Based on archaeological and anthropological evidence, we think that hominids diverged from other primates somewhere between 2.5 and 4 million years ago in eastern and southern Africa. Though there was a degree of diversity among the hominid family, they all shared the trait of bipedalism, or the ability to walk upright on two legs. 1 ^1 1 start superscript, 1, end superscript According to the savannah hypothesis, early tree-dwelling hominids may have been pushed out of their homes as environmental changes caused the forest regions to shrink and the size of the savannah expand. These changes, according to the savannah hypothesis, may have caused them to adapt to living on the ground and walking upright instead of climbing. 2 ^2 2 squared Hominids continued to evolve and develop unique characteristics. Their brain capacities increased, and approximately 2.3 million years ago, a hominid know...

The archaeological sites of Sarutaru in Austroasiatic The earliest inhabitants of Assam are estimated to be late neolithic They are expected to have settled in the foothills bordering the Tibeto-Burman The second group of people to reach Assam are considered to be speakers of highlands surrounding the Brahmaputra valley that is predominantly Tibeto-Burman with great diversity, plains where there are fewer but fairly homogenised Tibeto-Burman languages spread over a much larger area and in contact with Indo-Aryan and other language families. ahu rice culture some of them raised a wet rice called kharma ahu that was irrigated but not necessarily transplanted. Dibang, Dihang, Doyang, start with Di-, (water in -ong (water in Eye witness accounts of the Austroasiatic and Tibeto-Burman peoples come from the Kirrhadia after the Indo-Aryan name for the non-Indo-Aryan Indo-Aryan The sali) cultivation, the plough, and cattle. The presence of Indo-Aryans in the Brahmaputra valley triggered its Medieval Muslim soldier-professionals The fourth stream of new arrivals were Muslim personnel of the army of Goria (from Gaur), they married local women, adopted local customs, but maintained their religion. This army was able to convert a Mech chief, called Desi. In the 16th century yet another army from Bengal had to leave behind their soldiers—they too married local women and came to be called Moria. These populations were joined by religious preceptors, the most famous of who was Sayed in A...

The Economic and Political Weekly, published from Mumbai, is an Indian institution which enjoys a global reputation for excellence in independent scholarship and critical inquiry. First published in 1949 as the Economic Weekly and since 1966 as the Economic and Political Weekly, EPW, as the journal is popularly known, occupies a special place in the intellectual history of independent India. For more than five decades EPW has remained a unique forum that week after week has brought together academics, researchers, policy makers, independent thinkers, members of non-governmental organisations and political activists for debates straddling economics, politics, sociology, culture, the environment and numerous other disciplines. First published in 1949 as the Economic Weekly and since 1966 as the Economic and Political Weekly, EPW, as the journal is popularly known, occupies a special place in the intellectual history of independent India. For more than five decades EPW has remained a unique forum that week after week has brought together academics, researchers, policy makers, independent thinkers, members of non-governmental organisations and political activists for debates straddling economics, politics, sociology, culture, the environment and numerous other disciplines.