The latitudinal

latitudinal diversity gradient. Explaining the latitudinal diversity gradient has been called one of the great contemporary challenges of Science (July 2005). There is a lack of consensus among ecologists about the mechanisms underlying the pattern, and many hypotheses have been proposed and debated. A recent review Understanding the global distribution of biodiversity is one of the most significant objectives for ecologists and biogeographers. Beyond purely scientific goals and satisfying curiosity, this understanding is essential for applied issues of major concern to humankind, such as the spread of invasive species, the control of diseases and their vectors, and the likely effects of global climate change on the maintenance of biodiversity (Gaston 2000). Tropical areas play prominent roles in the understanding of the distribution of biodiversity, as their rates of Patterns in the past [ ] The latitudinal diversity gradient is a noticeable pattern among modern organisms that has been described qualitatively and quantitatively. It has been studied at various taxonomic levels, through different time periods and across many geographic regions (Crame 2001). The latitudinal diversity gradient has been observed to varying degrees in Earth's past, possibly due to differences in climate during various phases of Hypotheses for pattern [ ] Although many of the hypotheses exploring the latitudinal diversity gradient are closely related and interdependent, most of the major hypothe...

Rio Grande do Sul e o estado mais meridional do Brasil e esta localizado na regiao sul com area de 281.748,538 [km.sup.2], cujos limites dos eixos latitudinal e longitudinal sao representados pelas coordenadas geograficas 27[degrees]04'56"; 33[degrees]45'04" S e 49[degrees]41'28"; 57[degrees]38'36" W, respectivamente (IBGE, 2011). • • • • • Copyright © 2003-2023 Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.

a map of the world showing lines of latitude and longitude located at a latitude of 40 degrees north Madrid and New York City are on nearly the same latitude. islands located at different latitudes We weren't given much latitude in deciding how to do the job. The judge has wide latitude to reject evidence for the trial. See More Recent Examples on the Web But the routes of this coastal ferry company in Norway just happen to traverse the perfect latitudes to see the aurora. — Stefanie Waldek, Travel + Leisure, 4 Mar. 2023 But because the Arctic has warmed so quickly — nearly four times faster than the rest of the world over the past 43 years, studies show — the difference between temperatures there and those in mid latitudes is decreasing. — Dharna Noor, BostonGlobe.com, 23 Feb. 2023 But the researchers broadened their view to include measurements of everything up to a galactic latitude of 10 degrees above or below the plane. — WIRED, 6 Feb. 2023 Now the justices will hear a case this week that could tip the legal balance even further in favor of companies by giving them greater latitude to sue striking workers for damages. — Matt Ford, The New Republic, 10 Jan. 2023 For employees, career portfolioing means more latitude over how their career unfolds. — Scott Sonenshein, Fortune, 3 Jan. 2023 That federal legislation effectively outlawed slavery in the territories above the 36 degrees 30 minutes north latitude. — David W. Blight Max-o-matic, New York Times, 21 Dec. 2022 But ...

Latitude is a measurement on a globe or geocentric, astronomical, and geographic (or geodetic)—but there are only minor differences between them. In most common references, geocentric latitude is implied. Given in degrees, minutes, and seconds, geocentric latitude is the arc subtended by an angle at Earth’s centre and measured in a north-south plane poleward from the Equator. Thus, a point at 30°15′20″ N subtends an angle of 30°15′20″at the centre of the globe; similarly, the arc between the Equator and either geographic pole is 90° (one-fourth the circumference of Earth, or 1/ 4 × 360°), and thus the greatest possible latitudes are 90° N and 90° S. As aids to indicate different latitudinal positions on maps or globes, equidistant circles are plotted and drawn parallel to the Equator and each other; they are known as In contrast, geographic latitude, which is the kind used in mapping, is calculated using a slightly different process. Because Earth is not a perfect sphere—the planet’s curvature is flatter at the poles—geographic latitude is the arc subtended by the equatorial plane and the normal line that can be drawn at a given point on Earth’s surface. (The normal line is perpendicular to a