The process by which the aquifers are replenished by rainfall that percolates downward through the soil and rock is called

Study Session 4The Water Cycle and Sources of Water Introduction Water is a valuable natural resource that is found in different forms in the environment. It is important to understand how water moves through the environment so that we can understand how to manage it successfully. Fresh water is finite and vulnerable. Supplying sufficient clean, fresh water is one of the most vital natural resource issues facing humanity. Water shortages are becoming a global issue, due to an increasing population, economic growth and climate change. A lack of clean, fresh water can hinder the efforts to reduce poverty and progress national development, resulting in poor health, low productivity, food insecurity and restricted economic development. In this study session you will learn about the hydrological cycle. You will learn about where fresh water is found, the types of water sources that people use and how important it is to select suitable water sources. Finally, you will look at the increasing demands on supplies of fresh water. Learning Outcomes for Study Session 4 When you have studied this session, you should be able to: 4.1 Define and use correctly all of the key words printed in bold. (SAQ 4.1) 4.2 Describe the hydrological cycle. (SAQ 4.1) 4.3 Describe the main types of water source. (SAQ 4.2) 4.4 Outline the main factors to be considered when selecting a water source. (SAQ 4.3) 4.5 Describe the factors affecting the distribution and availability of water resources. (SAQs 4.2...

GO TO: Hawaii's Water Cycle: 1: Water in the Atmosphere Hawaii's fresh water supply is intimately dependent upon a continuous chain of events called the water cycle. The atmosphere, ocean, and land -- as well as the sun and other elements of environment -- are linked to replenish this island's fresh water supply. A healthy water cycle is essential. Without it, no fresh water would be available and no living things, including humans, could survive on our islands. Naturally occurring activities in the atmosphere play vital roles in our water cycle. Here in the Hawaiian Islands, where it is especially critical for water to move from ocean to land and back again, there is a finely orchestrated interaction between ocean water, evaporation, trade winds, and precipitation. Northeast Trade Winds Hawaii's fresh water supply and balmy climate are intimately dependent upon massive systems of moving air called trade winds, which blow across subtropical regions of the Pacific Ocean much of the year. In the Northern Hemisphere, trade winds blow from the northeast, bringing mild days and nights and an abundance of moisture to landmasses like the island of Oahu. Trade winds traveling across the ocean pick up moisture that has evaporated from ocean water warmed by the sun. On Oahu, the moisture-laden trade winds arrive from the northeast, on the island's windward side, and are deflected upward when they reach the steep cliffs of the Koolau Mountains. How Mountains Affect Rainfall On older,...