The teacher asked devi why she was late change into direct speech

Punjab State Board PSEB 12th Class English Grammar Narration / Direct and Indirect Speech We may report the words of a speaker in two ways. • We may quote his actual words. This is called the Direct Speech. • We may report what he said without using his exact words. This is called the Indirect Speech. Example : He said, “My brother is on tour.” (Direct) He said that his brother was on tour. (Indirect) Note : In the Direct Speech we use inverted commas to mark off the exact words of the speaker. In the Indirect Speech, we use neither exact words of the speaker nor the inverted commas. The verb that reports the exact words of a speaker in Direct Speech is called the Reporting Verb. The speech which the Reporting Verb actually reports is called the Reported Speech. Rules for Changing Direct Speech into Indirect Speech. (A) Change of Tense 1. The tense of the Reporting Verb is never changed. , 2. The tense of the Reported Speech is changed as under : (a) If the tense of the Reporting Verb is Present or Future, the tense of the verb in the Reported Speech is not changed. (b) If the tense of the Reporting verb is past, the tense of the verb in the Reported Speech is changed into the corresponding past tense; as, 1. Present Indefinite is changed into Past Indefinite 2. Present Continuous is changed into Past Continuous 3. Present Perfect is changed into Past Perfect 4. Present Perfect Continuous is changed into Past Perfect Continuous 5. Past Indefinite is changed into Past Perfe...

Look at these examples to see how we can tell someone what another person asked. direct speech: 'Do you work from home?' he said. indirect speech: He asked me if I worked from home. direct speech: 'Who did you see?' she asked. indirect speech: She asked me who I'd seen. direct speech: 'Could you write that down for me?' she asked. indirect speech: She asked me to write it down. Try this exercise to test your grammar. Grammar test 1 Read the explanation to learn more. Grammar explanation A reported question is when we tell someone what another person asked. To do this, we can use direct speech or indirect speech. direct speech: 'Do you like working in sales?' he asked. indirect speech: He asked me if I liked working in sales. In indirect speech, we change the question structure (e.g. Do you like) to a statement structure (e.g. I like). We also often make changes to the tenses and other words in the same way as for reported statements (e.g. have done → had done, today → that day). You can learn about these changes on the Yes/ no questions In yes/ no questions, we use if or whether to report the question. If is more common. 'Are you going to the Helsinki conference?' • He asked me if I was going to the Helsinki conference. 'Have you finished the project yet?' • She asked us whether we'd finished the project yet. Questions with a question word In what, where, why, who, when or how questions, we use the question word to report the question. 'What time does the train leave?' • H...

Reported Statements When do we use reported speech? Sometimes someone says a sentence, for example "I'm going to the cinema tonight". Later, maybe we want to tell someone else what the first person said. Watch my reported speech video: Here's how it works: We use a 'reporting verb' like 'say' or 'tell'. ( • Direct speech: I like ice cream. • Reported speech: She says (that) she likes ice cream. We don't need to change the tense, though probably we do need to change the 'person' from 'I' to 'she', for example. We also may need to change words like 'my' and 'your'. (As I'm sure you know, often, we can choose if we want to use 'that' or not in English. I've put it in brackets () to show that it's optional. It's exactly the same if you use 'that' or if you don't use 'that'.) But, if the reporting verb is in the past tense, then usually we change the tenses in the reported speech: • Direct speech: I like ice cream. • Reported speech: She said (that) she liked ice cream. Tense Direct Speech Reported Speech present simple I like ice cream She said (that) she liked ice cream. present continuous I am living in London She said (that) she was living in London. past simple I bought a car She said (that) she had bought a car OR She said (that) she bought a car. past continuous I was walking along the street She said (that) she had been walking along the street. present perfect I haven't seen Julie She said (that) she hadn't seen Julie. past perfect* I had taken English lessons before S...

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Direct and Indirect Speech Exercises Direct and indirect speech is one topic in Direct and Indirect Speech Exercises with Answers When converting Exercise 1: Change into indirect speech Read the following sentences and convert them into indirect speech. • Rahul told to me, “When are you leaving?” • “Where do you live?” the stranger asked Aladdin. • The teacher said to Shelly, “Why are you laughing?” • Dhronacharya said to Arjun, “Shoot the bird’s eye.” • “Call the first convict,” said the jury. • “Call the ambulance,” said the man. • Bruce said to me, “I shall do the work.” • My mother said to me, “You were wrong.” • Mr Richard said to me, “Please wait here till I return.” • The captain said to me, “Bravo! You have played well.” • Raj said, “Alas! My pet died.” • Ruchi said, “I may go there.” • Bucky said to Steve, “Do you hear me?” • The boy said, “Let me come in.” • Granny said to me, “May God bless you.” Answers – • Rahul asked me when I was leaving. • The stranger asked Aladdin where he lived. • The teacher asked Shelly why he was laughing. • Dhronacharya ordered Arjun to shoot the fish’s eye. • The jury ordered to call the first convict. • The man urged to call the ambulance. • Bruce said to me he would do the work. • My mother told me that I was wrong. • Mr Richard requested me to wait there till he returned. • The captain applauded me, saying that I had played well. • Raj exclaimed sadly that his pet di...

Change into indirect speech 1. John said, ‘I am trying to find a new job.’ 2. He said, ‘I wrote a letter.’ 3. The girl said, ‘I want something to eat.’ 4. The teacher said, ‘Stop writing.’ 5. The man said, ‘I have nowhere to go.’ 6. The girl said, ‘I have been practicing the violin for six months.’ 7. Mother said, ‘I have laid the table.’ 8. He said, ‘Who are you?’ 9. He said, ‘Are you happy here?’ 10. The father said to his son, ‘Go and pay your fee at once.’ 11. He said, ‘Let’s go for a drive.’ Answers 1. John said that he was trying to find a new job. 2. He said that he had written a letter. 3. The girl said that she wanted something to eat. 4. The teacher asked them to stop writing. 5. The man said that he had nowhere to go. / The man lamented that he had nowhere to go. 6. The girl said that she had been practicing the violin for six months. 7. Mother said that she had laid the table. 8. He asked who I was. 9. He enquired if I was happy there?’ 10. The father told his son to go and pay his fee at once. 11. He suggested going for a drive. / He suggested that we should go for a drive.

Indirect Speech: The teacher asked why I was so late. Explanation: When the reporting verb is in the past (said) and the direct speech is in the present indefinite tense (simple present tense), then the indirect (reported) speech will change into the past indefinite tense. Present Indefinite Tense > Past Indefinite Tense. And if the sentence is interrogative, we use the reporting verbs – asked, enquired, etc.