What is feudal system class 9

Feudalism emerged in response to the need for governments to be able to protect their subjects. The system worked because lower classes agreed to serve upper classes in exchange for protection. When the system ran smoothly, it led to peace and prosperity for everyone. Above all, the king relied on the system to enable him to run the land smoothly. The King At the very top of the feudal system was the king. He presided over the land he ruled, directing and controlling what happened in his kingdom. But, in an age before computers and phones, how could the king actually manage a vast kingdom? Good question. Answer: Nobility and Knights. Nobility The King divided his kingdom among the nobility, the richest and most powerful families in the realm. Each noble operated a particular portion of the kingdom, overseeing and governing it. In exchange for the power the nobles got over the local population, they pledged their loyalty to the King. Part of that loyalty meant a willingness to raise a local army should the King call for it. (In those days, armies were localized and ordinary men took up arms at the command of their local nobility). Knights and Vassals Even the land of the nobility was divided up into smaller parcels run by knights or vassals. Both of these groups traded military support for land in the local manors. As higher ranking people, knights often presided over an entire manor, while vassals presided only over the land needed to support their families. In both cases,...

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The lecture note are This is Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., who famously wrote “It is revolting to have no better reason for a rule than that it was laid down in time of Henry IV (1594-1610).It is still more revolting if the grounds upon which it was laid down have vanished long since, and the rule simply persists from imitation of the past.” This is Justice Benjamin Cardozo, who served on the New York Court of Appeals (the highest Court in New York) from 1927-1932. In 1932, Cardozo replaced Holmes on the United States Supreme Court, and would serve until 1938. Cardozo was replaced by another famous Justice, Justice Felix Frankfurter. The feudal system began after the Norman Conquest of 1066. (Note, in London, they do not refer to William as the Conqueror–he This diagram helps to explain the feudal structure. This drawing represents a cleric, a knight, and a serf. Serfs were all the way at the bottom of the pyramid. Here are several diagrams of the feudal manor. Here is (12) No `scutage’ or `aid’ may be levied in our kingdom without its general consent, unless it is for the ransom of our person, to make our eldest son a knight, and (once) to marry our eldest daughter. For these purposes ouly a reasonable `aid’ may be levied. `Aids’ from the city of London are to be treated similarly. Here is a restored copy of it. This diagram represents fee simple. Like Buzz Lightyear, this estate endures to infinity, and beyond. This diagram represents the fee simple’s restrictive c...

• After conquering England, William needed to secure his control of the people and land. • He rewarded his closest supporters with large areas of land to manage on his behalf. This is often referred to as the feudal system. • There was a huge divide in England between the lives of the wealthy nobles and the peasantry. All four problems were important for different reasons 1. Opposition in the North There was support in the north of England for Edgar the Atheling to become king. This was a huge threat to William. Rebellions in the North could threaten his rule and needed to be dealt with. The Harrying of the North dealt with the northern opposition. 2. Controlling the land William needed to make sure that the people who owned land were supportive of his rule. If large landowners opposed him then they could raise money and possibly an army to rebel against him. His division of land ownership, the feudal system, solved this. 3. Protecting his soldiers and supporters William needed to quickly find a way to protect his supporters and soldiers in England. Motte-and-bailey castles were built all over the country to protect his supporters. 4. Knowing little about England and its people To raise taxes and run the country effectively, William needed to know who owned land and how much money they had. This wasn’t as immediate as the other problems. He also wanted to raise money to fund an army to protect his land in case of invasion, meaning he had to find out who he could tax. The D...

Depends. One can make an assertion that feudalism paved the way for Europeans to become the first to enter the imperial stage and industrialize. However, whether or not this was good for all people in the long run is a question that will be subject to various views, interpretations, and personal ideologies. The origin of feudal patronage (close personal ties between the lord and his vassals) lay, according to some, in the German institution of comitatus which bound the companion to the chief. Others have traced it to the Roman custom of patrocinium or patronage. Still others have traced it to the Gallic custom of commendation, whereby a person subjected himself to a more powerful lord for the sake of his patronage and protection. With time this peculiar personal relation, characterized on the part of vassal by pledges of fealty, service and aid, and on the part of the lord by promise of counsel and protection, came to be united with the benefice. The union of these two ties completed the feudal tenure. Nafisa Sarkar, Assistant Professor, Department of History Among middle school students there are usually cliques. Each clique is gathered around a central character, who rules the clique. That person has social power to accept or reject others. Feudal systems also had concentrations of power around single persons. Draw a diagram of the groups in your own middle school. You might see it as a bunch of circles. The person in the middle of each of those circles would be like the...

Felicity Moran Felicity Moran received a Bachelors in history from Franciscan University of Steubenville, and a Master's in history from the University of Cincinnati, where she taught at the collegiate level for two years. Her specialties include early modern European history, gender history, and music history. • Instructor The middle ages, spanning from the 5th to the 16th centuries, is traditionally separated into three distinct periods, the Early Middle Ages, from about 500 to 1000, the High Middle Ages, from 1000 to 1300, and the Low Middle Ages, from 1300 to 1500. Medieval social classes developed slowly in the first feudalism became the main social structure that defined the roles of every person during the medieval period. fief, while those who lived on the land were known as vassals. This structure created a basic hierarchy where people were born into different stations of life and lived in those stations with little potential for upward growth. While the upper classes certainly had more benefits than others, even the lower classes had certain benefits and protections to make their lives less unpleasant. Henry the Younger celebrates his coronation as King of England. The inclusion of many figures in the painting is typical of medieval art. Medieval Class System Social classes in the middle ages can be understood as part of broader definitions of upper, middle, and lower classes, though these terms do not equate with modern definitions of class. This is because, in ...

\( \newcommand\): Depiction of a feudal pledge of fealty from Harold Godwinson, at the time a powerful Anglo-Saxon noble and later the king of England, to William of Normandy, who would go on to defeat Harold and replace him as king of England. William claimed that Harold had pledged fealty to him, which justified his invasion (while Harold denied ever having done so). This system arose because of the absence of other, more effective forms of government and the constant threat of violence posed by raiders. The system was never as neat and tidy as it sounds on paper; many vassals were lords of their own vassals, with the king simply being the highest lord. In turn, the problem for royal authority was that many kings had “vassals” who had more land, wealth, and power than they did; it was very possible, even easy, for powerful nobles to make war against their king if they chose to do so. It would take centuries before the monarchs of Europe consolidated enough wealth and power to dominate their nobles, and it certainly did not happen during the Middle Ages. One (amusing, in historical hindsight) method that kings would use to punish unruly vassals was simply visiting them and eating them out of house and home - the traditions of hospitality required vassals to welcome, feed, and entertain their king for as long as he felt like staying. Nevertheless, there are many instances in medieval European history in which a powerful lord simply usurped the throne, defeated the former k...