When did the right of children to free and compulsory education act 2009, come into force?

The paper is devoted to explore the constitutional perspective of the right to free and compulsory education under article 21-A as legislatively expounded under the Act of 2009. This has been done in the light of the recent threejudge bench judgment of the Supreme Court in Society for Unaided Private Schools of Rajasthan v. Union of India (2012)]. Bearing in mind the majority and minority opinions of the apex court, three issues are raised and analysed.One, why there is divided opinion of the Supreme Court on the issue of constitutionality of section 12(1)(c) read with section 18(3) of the Act of 2009 if both the opinions seemingly started their objective determination on the same fundamental principle as propounded in article 21-A of the Constitution? Two, whether there is any constitutional legitimacy for causing differentiation between the recognized un-aided minority and non-minority educational institutions for the purpose of achieving their constitutional objective? Three, whether it is constitutionally commended to exclude the recognized un-aided private minority educational institution from the purview of section 12(1)(c) of the Act of 2009 merely on the ground that such an institution had sought only state-recognition without seeking state-aid?

CAG Report Summary The Implementation of Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 • The Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) has released an audit report on the Implementation of Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 on July 21, 2017 . • The RTE Act, 2009 guarantees the right to free and compulsory elementary education for children between the ages of six and 14 years in a neighbourhood school. The CAG audit examined the extent to which central and state governments have complied with the provisions of the Act and utilised the allocated funds. The audit was conducted in 28 states and 7 Union Territories (UTs) for the period between April 2010 and March 2016. The key observations and recommendations of the audit Report are as follows: • Financial management: R etention of huge balances by the state governments was observed which indicates poor internal financial control. It was observed that in 35 states/UTs, the unutilised amounts ranged between Rs 12,259 crore to Rs 17,282 crore over the six year period . Other observations include: (i) huge outstanding advances, (ii) diversion/irregular release of funds, (iii) misappropriation of funds, (iv) irregular utilisation of fund grants, and (v) delays in release of funds at various levels. The CAG recommended reviewing the timelines of the RTE budgeting exercise to be in line with the budget formulation exercise at the centre and the state levels. • Compliance with...

An Act to provide for free and compulsory education to all the children of the age of six to fourteen years. Citation Enactedby Assentedto 26 August 2009 Commenced 1 April 2010 Related legislation Status: In force The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act ( RTE) is an RTE Act incorporates the words ‘free and compulsory’. ‘Free education’ means that no child, other than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education. ‘Compulsory education’ casts an obligation on the appropriate Government and local authorities to provide and ensure admission, attendance and completion of elementary education by all children in the 6-14 age group. With this, India has moved forward to a rights based framework that casts a legal obligation on the Central and State Governments to implement this fundamental child right as enshrined in the Article 21A of the Constitution, in accordance with the provisions of the RTE Act.17. History [ ] Present Act has its history in the drafting of the Indian constitution at the time of Independence A rough draft of the bill was prepared in year 2005. It caused considerable controversy due to its mandatory provision to provide 25% reservation for disadvantaged children in private schools. The sub-committee of th...