Carrier of malaria causing protozoan is

Overview What is malaria? Malaria is a serious disease that spreads when you’re bitten by a mosquito infected by tiny parasites. When it bites, the mosquito injects malaria parasites into your bloodstream. Malaria is caused by the parasites, not by a virus or by a type of bacterium. If it isn’t treated, malaria can cause severe health problems such as seizures, brain damage, trouble breathing, The disease is rare in the U.S., with about 2,000 cases per year. If you’re traveling to an area where malaria is common, talk to your healthcare provider about ways you can prevent being infected. People who are infected and travel to the U.S. can spread the disease if a mosquito bites them and then bites someone else. How common is malaria? Malaria is common in tropical areas where it’s hot and humid. In 2020, there were 241 million reported cases of malaria throughout the world, with 627,000 deaths due to malaria. The majority of these cases occur in Africa and South Asia. Where does malaria usually occur? Malaria occurs all over the world and happens most often in developing countries and areas with warm temperatures and high humidity, including: • Africa. • Central and South America. • Dominican Republic, Haiti and other areas in the Caribbean. • Eastern Europe. • South and Southeast Asia. • Islands in the Central and South Pacific Ocean (Oceania). Who might get malaria? Anyone can get malaria, but people who live in Africa have a higher risk of infection than others. Young chil...

Dr. Crutchfield, my neighbor recently traveled to Africa and told me he caught malaria when he was there. What is malaria? Malaria is an infectious disease that is spread by mosquito bites. It is estimated that over 200 million people contract malaria every year around the world, and over 500,000 people die every year from the disease. Most deaths from malaria occur in Africa in children under the age of five. The mosquito is the carrier of a parasite that is in the saliva of the mosquito. When mosquitoes bite humans, they inject a unique anticoagulant contained in their saliva into the site of the bite so they can keep drinking blood without the blood clotting. In addition to the anticoagulant (which stops blood from clotting), the saliva of an infected mosquito also contains the protozoan parasite that causes malaria. Protozoa are single-celled organisms that are larger and more complex than bacteria. The exact type of protozoan that causes malaria is called Plasmodium. There are four sub-types of plasmodia that cause malaria. Plasmodium falciparum causes the most severe forms of malaria and is responsible for the most deaths caused by malaria. Malaria played a very significant role in World Wars. In World War II, over 500,000 American soldiers were infected with malaria. An estimated 60,000 American soldiers died from the disease, which is more than the total number of soldiers who died in the entire Vietnam War. The parasite enters the blood of a human from the infecte...

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Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected female Anophelesmosquitoes. It is preventable and curable. There are 5 parasite species that cause malaria in humans, and 2 of these species – Plasmodium falciparumand Plasmodium vivax– pose the greatest threat. In 2020, nearly half of the world's population was at risk of malaria. Most cases and deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the WHO regions of South-East Asia, Eastern Mediterranean, Western Pacific, and the Americas also report significant numbers of cases and deaths. There were an estimated 247 million cases of malaria in 2021, and the estimated number of malaria deaths stood at 619 000. The WHO African Region carries a disproportionately high share of the global malaria burden. In 2020, the region was home to 95% and 96% of malaria cases and deaths, respectively. Children under 5 years of age are the most vulnerable group affected by malaria; in 2021, they accounted for nearly 80% of all malaria deaths in the WHO African Region. Malaria is an acute febrile illness. In a non-immune individual, symptoms usually appear 10–15 days after the infective mosquito bite. The first symptoms – fever, headache, and chills – may be mild and difficult to recognize as malaria. If not treated within 24 hours, Plasmodium falciparummalaria can progress to severe illness, and lead to death. Children with severe malaria frequently develop one or more of the f...

The correct option is A Female Anopheles mosquito The correct option is A. Explanation of the correct option: • The Carrier of malaria-causing protozoan is the female anopheles mosquito. • Malaria is caused by protozoan Plasmodium. • Protozoans are unicellular eukaryotes that have relatively complex internal structures and can process some of the complex metabolic activities. • Female anopheles mosquitoes transfer Plasmodium from an unhealthy individual to a healthy individual. • The female anopheles mosquito sucks blood from the infected and then bites the uninfected person to whom the disease is transferred. • Humans and mosquitoes are hosts of the Plasmodium. Explanation of the incorrect options: Option B: • Cockroaches are insects that are commonly found in warm environments. • So they can be found in houses and buildings. • Cockroaches are carriers of intestinal diseases such as dysentery, diathermia, typhoid fever, etc. • But it does not carry malaria. Option C: • Houseflies are insects that can be seen in close association with humans. • Flies are considered potential carriers of microorganisms since feeding on garbage and other bacteria-laden materials. • They spit up their stomach contents on surfaces with which humans may make frequent contact. Option D: • Butterflies are insects that are at their adult flying stage. • They are not usually carriers of any disease but there are certain diseases like epidermolysis bullosa caused by the butterfly. Final answer: Carr...

The word protozoa comes from the word protos, Greek for "first," and zoia, which meant "animal." It was first coined in the 1800s. Before then, the microscopic protozoa, defined by their organelles, could not be fully appreciated. Protozoan Diseases Common infectious diseases caused by protozoans include: Common protozoan infectious diseases include malaria, giardia, and toxoplasmosis. Less common diseases include African trypanosomiasis and Amoebic dysentery. Each condition affects the body differently. Detecting Infections Unlike other pathogens, cultures do not identify protozoa. However, sometimes you can see them under a microscope inside red blood cells (as in malaria) or in the stool (as in giardia and E. histolytica). Summary Protozoa are single-celled organisms that can sometimes cause diseases. Common protozoan diseases include malaria, giardia, and toxoplasmosis. Diagnosing protozoan illness may involve blood tests, stool tests, or biopsies, depending on which protozoa a healthcare provider suspects. Treatment varies based on the cause. • Capela R, Moreira R, Lopes F. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov;20(22):5748. doi:10.3390/ijms20225748 • Hooshyar H, Rostamkhani P, Arbabi M, Delavari M. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2019;12(1):3-12. • World Health Organization. • Andrews KT, Fisher G, Skinner-Adams TS. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2014;4(2):95–111. doi:10.1016/j.ijpddr.2014.02.002 • De waal T. • Centers of Disease Control and Prevention. • Centers for Disease C...