Define the term ethnic class 10

Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you should be able to: • Understand the difference between race and ethnicity • Define a majority group (dominant group) • Define a minority group (subordinate group) While many students first entering a sociology classroom are accustomed to conflating the terms “race,” “ethnicity,” and “minority group,” these three terms have distinct meanings for sociologists. The idea of race refers to superficial physical differences that a particular society considers significant, while ethnicity describes shared culture. And the term "minority groups" describe groups that are subordinate, or that lack power in society regardless of skin color or country of origin. For example, in modern U.S. history, the elderly might be considered a minority group due to a diminished status that results from popular prejudice and discrimination against them. Ten percent of nursing home staff admitted to physically abusing an elderly person in the past year, and 40 percent admitted to committing psychological abuse (World Health Organization 2011). In this chapter we focus on racial and ethnic minorities. What Is Race? A human race is a grouping of humankind based on shared physical or social qualities that can vary from one society to another. Historically, the concept of race has changed across cultures and eras, and has eventually become less connected with ancestral and familial ties, and more concerned with superficial physical characte...

Social Sciences Civics CBSE Class 10 Power Sharing VSAQ Q.1.What do you mean by the word ethnic ? Ans. A social division based on shared culture. People belonging to the same ethnic group believe in their common descent because of similarities of physical type or of culture or both. Q.2.Which ethnic group in Belgium has the largest population ? Ans. Flemish. More Resources for CBSE Class 10 • • • • • • • • • Q.3.‘The tension between Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities was more acute in Brussels’. Give reason. Ans.The minority French-speaking community was relatively rich and powerful. So the Dutch¬speaking community, who got the benefit of economic development and education much later showed the resentment between the Dutch-speaking and the French-speaking communities. Q.4.Which are the most important social groups of Sri Lanka ? – Ans. (i) Sinhala speaking (ii) Tamil speaking Q.5Which ethnic group is in majority in Sri Lanka ? Ans. Sinhala Q.6.Name the two sub groups of Tamils in Sri Lanka. [CBSE 2014] Ans. (i) Sri Lankan Tamils (ii) Indian Tamils Q.7.When did Sri Lanka emerge as an independent nation ? [CBSE Sep. 2010, 11] Ans. 1948 Q.8.What is a Civil War ? Ans. It is a violent conflict between the opposing groups within a country, for example the conflict between Sinhalese and Indian Tamils in Sri Lanka. Q.9. Name the ethnic group of Sri Lanka which were involved in a Civil War. Ans. (i) Sri Lankan Tamils or the Sinhalese (ii) Indian Tamils Q.10. What is maj...

Learning Objectives • Critique the biological concept of race. • Discuss why race is a social construction. • Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a sense of ethnic identity. To understand this problem further, we need to take a critical look at the very meaning of race and ethnicity in today’s society. These concepts may seem easy to define initially but are much more complex than their definitions suggest. Race Let’s start first with It is certainly easy to see that people in the United States and around the world differ physically in some obvious ways. The most noticeable difference is skin tone: some groups of people have very dark skin, while others have very light skin. Other differences also exist. Some people have very curly hair, while others have very straight hair. Some have thin lips, while others have thick lips. Some groups of people tend to be relatively tall, while others tend to be relatively short. Using such physical differences as their criteria, scientists at one point identified as many as nine races: African, American Indian or Native American, Asian, Australian Aborigine, European (more commonly called “white”), Indian, Melanesian, Micronesian, and Polynesian (Smedley, 1998). Although people certainly do differ in the many physical features that led to the development of such racial categories, anthropologists, sociologists, and many biologists question the value of these categories and thus the value of the biological concept of race (Smedle...

The NATO-led KFOR peacekeeping force say that 25 of its troops were injured in the clashes with ethnic Serbs in northern Kosovo who were trying to take over the offices of one of the municipalities where ethnic Albanian mayors took up their posts last week ethnic conflict, a form of conflict in which the objectives of at least one party are defined in ethnic terms, and the conflict, its Ethnic conflict is one of the major threats to international peace and security. Conflicts in the Ethnic identity, ethnicity, and ethnic group The terms ethnic and ethnicity have their roots in the Greek word ethnos, which describes a ethnic group, communal group, ethnic community, people, and minority are mostly used interchangeably. Two elements provide the basis to identify Ethnic identity is formed by both Theories of ethnic identity Although communal identity provides the foundation for the definition of ethnic groups, disagreement exists over how ethnic identity forms and how it changes over time. A first school of thought, known as the primordialist approach, explains The primordialist focus on fixed identities, however, fails to recognize variations in ethnic group formation, ranging from relatively short-term associations to long-standing, strong, and instrumentalist, was developed, which understands ethnicity as a device used by individuals and groups to unify, organize, and mobilize populations to achieve larger goals. Those goals are mostly of a political nature and include, amo...

United States: Ethnic European Americans Until the 20th century ethnic diversity posed no great problems for empires. Its More common solutions have been langue d’oc region of southern A variant of this process has been the more or less voluntary assimilation achieved in the Another way of dealing with ethnic diversity, one that holds more promise for the future, is the development of some form of

Ethnicity Because of the problems in the meaning of race, many social scientists prefer the term ethnicity in speaking of people of color and others with distinctive cultural heritages. In this context, ethnicity and ethnic group avoid the biological connotations of the terms race and racial group and the biological differences these terms imply. At the same time, the importance we attach to ethnicity illustrates that it, too, is in many ways a social construction, and our ethnic membership thus has important consequences for how we are treated. The sense of identity many people gain from belonging to an ethnic group is important for reasons both good and bad. Because, as we learned in A downside of ethnicity and ethnic group membership is the conflict they create among people of different ethnic groups. History and current practice indicate that it is easy to become prejudiced against people with different ethnicities from our own. Much of the rest of this chapter looks at the prejudice and discrimination operating today in the United States against people whose ethnicity is not white and European. Around the world today, ethnic conflict continues to rear its ugly head. The 1990s and 2000s were filled with “ethnic cleansing” and pitched battles among ethnic groups in Eastern Europe, Africa, and elsewhere. Our ethnic heritages shape us in many ways and fill many of us with pride, but they also are the source of much conflict, prejudice, and even hatred, as the hate crime s...

Why subscribe? • The ultimate action-packed science and technology magazine bursting with exciting information about the universe • Subscribe today and save an extra 5% with checkout code 'LOVE5' • Engaging articles, amazing illustrations & exclusive interviews • Issues delivered straight to your door or device "'Race' and 'ethnicity' have been and continue to be used as ways to describe human diversity," said Nina Jablonski, an anthropologist and paleobiologist at The Pennsylvania State University, who is known for her research into the evolution of human skin color. "Race is understood by most people as a mixture of physical, behavioral and cultural attributes. Ethnicity recognizes differences between people mostly on the basis of language and shared culture ." Related: Why did some people become white? But just as soon as we've outlined these definitions, we're going to dismantle the very foundations on which they're built. That's because the question of race versus ethnicity actually exposes major and persistent flaws in how we define these two traits, flaws that — especially when it comes to race — have given them an outsized social impact on human history. Nina G. Jablonski is a professor of Anthropology at Pennsylvania State University. Her research on human adaptations to the environment centers on the evolution of human skin and skin pigmentation, as well as understanding the history and social consequences of skin-color-based race concepts. She has published seve...

When you are writing, you need to Terms used to refer to racial and ethnic groups continue to change over time. One reason for this is simply personal preference; preferred designations are as varied as the people they name. Another reason is that designations can become dated over time and may hold negative connotations. When describing racial and ethnic groups, be appropriately specific and sensitive to issues of labeling as described in Race refers to physical differences that groups and cultures consider socially significant. For example, people might identify their race as Aboriginal, African American or Black, Asian, European American or White, Native American, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, Māori, or some other race. Ethnicity refers to shared cultural characteristics such as language, ancestry, practices, and beliefs. For example, people might identify as Latino or another ethnicity. Be clear about whether you are referring to a racial group or to an ethnic group. Race is a social construct that is not universal, so one must be careful not to impose racial labels on ethnic groups. Whenever possible, use the racial and/or ethnic terms that your participants themselves use. Be sure that the racial and ethnic categories you use are as clear and specific as possible. For example, instead of categorizing participants as Asian American or Hispanic American, you could use more specific labels that identify their nation or region of origin, such as Japanese American ...