Golgi body

Golgi body The Golgi body, or nucleus in the center of the cell. In some animal cells, this complex can be huge, filling much of the cytoplasmic space. In some plant cells, on the other hand, many small, apparently independent Golgi apparatuses are distributed throughout the cell interior. Each Golgi stack has a distinct orientation. The cis or entry face is the site at which transport vesicles bringing newly synthesized products from the endoplasmic reticulum dock with and add their contents to the Golgi cisternae. A complex network of anastomosing (connecting) membrane tubules attach to and cover the fenestrated cisternae on the cis face and serves as a docking site for transport vesicles. From the cis face a flow of vesicles carry transport and chaperone proteins back to the endoplasmic reticulum, while secretory products move on into the medial cisternae where further processing takes place. Finally, the products move to the trans or exit face where they undergo final processing, sorting, and packaging into vesicles that will carry them to the cell surface for secretion or to other cellular organelles for storage or use. Complex oligosaccharides are synthesized in the Golgi apparatus, and glycoproteins are assembled as materials move through the compartments of this organelle. A unique set of enzymes and chaperone proteins occur in each of the Golgi compartments to direct and carry out this complex set of reactions. See also Cell cycle and Citation styles Encyclopedia....

Golgi Apparatus The Golgi apparatus has multiple names such as Golgi complex or Golgi body. The name is given on the name of the scientist, who discovered the organelle, i.e. Camillo Golgi. It is found in all the eukaryotic cells, plants as well as animals. They are membrane-bound organelle present in the cytosol of the cell. Let us explore more about Golgi complex. Golgi Apparatus The Golgi body comprises 5 to 8 cup-shaped, series of compartments known as cisternae. Cisternae is a flattened, disk-shaped, stacked pouches that make up the Golgi apparatus. A Golgi stack mostly contains 4 to 8 cisternae. However, ~60 cisternae are found in some protists. A mammalian cell contains ~40 to 100 stacks of cisternae. Animal cells generally contain around 10 to 20 Golgi stacks per cell, which are connected by tubular connections. Golgi complex is mostly found near the nucleus. Creation, or Golgi Bodies Functions Its main function is the packaging and secretion of proteins. It receives proteins from Endoplasmic Reticulum. It packages it into membrane-bound vesicles, which are then transported to various destinations, such as lysosomes, plasma membrane or secretion. They also take part in the transport of lipids and the formation of lysosomes. Post-translational modification and enzymatic processing occur near the membrane surface in Golgi bodies, e.g. phosphorylation, glycosylation, etc. Golgi apparatus is the site for the synthesis of various glycolipids, sphingomyelin, etc. In t...

Recent Examples on the Web The nucleus contains the genetic information of a cell, which gets translated and produced into proteins in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, two other organelles. — Gabriel A. Silva, Forbes, 27 Apr. 2021 The vertical marks on the left of the nucleus are the Golgi apparatus, the structure that packages proteins and sends them to their destination. — Leslie Nemo, Scientific American, 29 Jan. 2021 The blue lines are the Golgi apparatus, which prepares protein involved in secretion. — Colin Salter, Discover Magazine, 11 Feb. 2015 These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'Golgi apparatus.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors.