Intellectual disability

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Share on Pinterest mixetto/Getty Images There are many misunderstandings when it comes to disorders that affect your ability to learn and function. For example, some people may think that intellectual disabilities and learning disabilities are the same things, but that is not the case. Intellectual disabilities are lifelong conditions that affect someone’s ability to develop, learn, and function at expected levels. Children with intellectual disabilities may develop more slowly than other children and they may score low on a number of different intelligence tests. Examples of intellectual disabilities include Down syndrome and fetal alcohol syndrome. Learning disabilities affect a child’s ability to learn specific skills, like reading, writing, or concentrating. While learning disabilities can affect many areas of a child’s life, these children typically develop normally and have average or above-average intelligence. Examples of learning disabilities include dyslexia and dysgraphia. Let’s take a look and intellectual and learning disabilities, and what the differences are. Intellectual disabilities (IDs) are conditions that cause significant impairments in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors like social skills. IDs typically originate at birth and are diagnosed before age 18. Intellectual impairments can include significant limitations in general mental capacities like learning, reasoning, and problem-solving. Impairments in adaptive behaviors include difficul...

What is intellectual disability? Someone with intellectual disability has limitations in two areas. These areas are: • Intellectual functioning. Also known as IQ, this refers to a person’s ability to learn, reason, make decisions, and solve problems. • Adaptive behaviors. These are skills necessary for day-to-day life, such as being able to communicate effectively, interact with others, and take care of oneself. IQ (intelligence quotient) is measured by an IQ test. The average IQ is 100, with the majority of people scoring between 85 and 115. A person is considered intellectually disabled if they have an IQ of less than 70 to 75. To measure a child’s adaptive behaviors, a specialist will observe the child’s skills and compare them to other children of the same age. Things that may be observed include how well the child can feed or dress themselves; how well the child is able to communicate with and understand others; and how the child interacts with family, friends, and other children of the same age. Intellectual disability is thought to affect about 1% of the population. Of those affected, 85% have mild intellectual disability. This means they are just a little slower than average to learn new information or skills. With the right support, most will be able to live independently as adults. What are the signs of intellectual disability in children? There are many different signs of intellectual disability in children. Signs may appear during infancy, or they may not be no...

If you think your child might have an intellectual disability, learning the signs can help you find the proper support. If your child or someone you know seems to have trouble with learning and everyday activities, they might have an intellectual disability (ID). Most intellectual disabilities are mild. With support, many people with ID can work and live full, mostly independent lives. ID occurs when a child’s brain doesn’t develop properly or is injured. It is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Although there is no cure, interventions can help with academics, functional abilities, and social skills. Understanding the different levels of ID and the process of getting diagnosed can help families find the best support for themselves and their child. ID, also called intellectual development disorder, is lower than average intelligence that causes challenges with daily tasks and overall functioning. Intellectual disability Healthcare professionals use the A diagnosis is based on three sets of criteria: • Intellectual challenges in areas such as: • learning, both academic and experiential, such as talking • reasoning • planning • problem-solving • judgment • abstract thinking 2. Adaptive functioning difficulties caused by intellectual challenges for skills like: • communication • socializing • independent living 3. Early onset of the above intellectual and adaptive symptoms: • presence of symptoms during childhood or adolescence The DSM-5 updated criteria to put less emphasis on di...

Intellectual disability (ID) is not a specific medical disorder like pneumonia or strep throat, and it is not a Overview of Mental Health Disorders Children and Adolescents Several important mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety disorders, and eating disorders, often start during childhood and adolescence. Some disorders, such as autism, start only... read more . People with ID have significantly below average intellectual functioning that is severe enough to limit their ability to cope with one or more areas of normal daily living (adaptive skills) to such a degree that they require ongoing support. Adaptive skills may be categorized into several areas including People with intellectual disability have varying degrees of impairment, classified from mild to profound. Although fundamentally impairment is caused by the decreased intellectual functioning (typically measured by standardized intelligence tests), the impact on the person's life depends more on the amount of support the person requires. For example, a person who has only mild impairment on an intelligence test may have such poor adaptive skills that extensive support is required. A wide variety of medical and environmental conditions can cause intellectual disability. Some conditions are genetic. Some are present before or at the time of conception, and others occur during pregnancy, during birth, or after birth. The common factor is that something interferes with the growth and development of the ...

For many decades, the medical establishment and the general public unkindly referred to affected individuals as "feeble-minded,""moron,""idiot," and "imbecile." In the 1960s, the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) and lawmakers adopted the term “mentally retarded," which experts considered to be more sensitive at the time. Martinbowra / Getty Images What Does Intellectual Disability Mean? According to the AAIDD, intellectual disability is "a disability characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior." Intellectual functioning includes abilities such as learning, practicing judgment, and problem solving. Adaptive behavior includes activities of daily functioning, such as living independently and communicating. Children with disabilities may experience issues with communicating, socializing with their peers, or taking care of their personal needs. The child may develop more slowly than others their age, taking longer to walk, feed themselves, get dressed, and handle other daily functions. Some children may always require assistance with these activities. Effect on Adults The United States and other industrialized nations are seeing an increase in the longevity of adults with intellectual disabilities. For these people, aging can bring progressive health risks stemming from early age-onset conditions. They also face discrimination and exclusion, which trigger secondary mental health di...

Learn about gambling disorder, including symptoms, risk factors, treatment options and answers to common questions. Intellectual disability involves problems with general mental abilities that affect functioning in two areas: • intellectual functioning (such as learning, reasoning) • adaptive functioning (activities of daily life such as communication and independent living) Intellectual disability affects about one percent of the population, and of those about 85 percent have mild intellectual disability. Intellectual disability is identified by problems in both intellectual and adaptive functioning. These terms are not the same, though there is some overlap. Developmental disability is a broad category that includes intellectual disability (ID) as well as autism spectrum disorder and other developmental diagnoses. Intellectual disability refers to people whose cognitive ability and adaptive functioning are significantly below average. People with autism spectrum disorder have difficulties with social interaction and impairments in communication; many also have intellectual disability. Parents and caretakers are often the first to notice delays in a child’s development. If you’re concerned about the development of your infant or toddler, or you suspect your child has a disability, talk with your child’s pediatrician. You may also contact your local early Intervention program directly (see links below) and ask to have your child evaluated. Early intervention is a national ...