A solution of sodium sulphate contains 92g

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\( \newcommand\) • • • • • • • • • • • • • Learning Objectives • To understand the relationship between solubility and molecular structure. • To demonstrate how the strength of intramolecular bonding determines the solubility of a solute in a given solvent. When a solute dissolves, its individual atoms, molecules, or ions interact with the solvent, become solvated, and are able to diffuse independently throughout the solution (Figure \(\PageIndex\): Dissolution and Precipitation. (a) When a solid is added to a solvent in which it is soluble, solute particles leave the surface of the solid and become solvated by the solvent, initially forming an unsaturated solution. (b) When the maximum possible amount of solute has dissolved, the solution becomes saturated. If excess solute is present, the rate at which solute particles leave the surface of the solid equals the rate at which they return to the surface of the solid. (c) A supersaturated solution can usually be formed from a saturated solution by filtering off the excess solute and lowering the temperature. (d) When a seed crystal of the solute is added to a supersaturated solution, solute particles leave the solution and form a crystalline precipitate. Starting on the left the solution starts are unsaturated, then saturated, then supersaturated, when seed crystal is added a precipitate forms. Factors Affecting Solubility The maximum amount of a solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a specified temperature and pressure i...