Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with respect to their structure and functioning

Alveoli and nephrons. No. Alveoli N ephrons 1. Alveoli are pouch-like air sacs that are made up of simple squamous epithelium. 1. Nephrons are the elongated tubules that form an anatomical and functional unit of the kidney. 2. It has a thin cell wall to facilitate gaseous exchange. 2. Each nephron has Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, a loop of the nephron, distal convoluted tubule and the collecting ducts. 3. It is surrounded by blood capillaries. 3. Blood capillaries are present as glomerulus and peritubular capillaries. 4. Presence of millions of alveoli in lungs provide ample surface area to facilitate gaseous exchange between air in alveoli and blood in capillaries. Oxygen diffuses across the alveolar and capillary wall into the bloodstream while carbon dioxide diffuses from blood across the mentioned walls into the alveoli. 4. It serves in fluid and electrolyte balance of the body through the process of urine formation. Each part performs different role in urine formation. Views: 5,988 Δ T f ​ ∝ m Δ T f ​ = K f ​ m Δ T f ​ = K f ​ . ​ If m = 1, Where, K f ​ = Molal freezing point depression constant. Q. 6. What is Raoult's law ? Establish its mathematical expression. Or, Prove that relative lowering of vapour pressure (v.p.) of a solution cortition non-volatile solute is equal to mole fraction of solute. Ans. Raoult's law : For a solution in which solute is non-volatile, the Raotit may be stated as following:

Alveoli: 1. Alveoli are tiny balloon-like structures present inside the lungs. 2. The walls of the alveoli are one cell thick and it contains an extensive network of blood capillaries. 3. The exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place between the blood of the capillaries that surround the alveoli and the gases present in the alveoli. Alveoli are the site of gaseous exchange. Nephron: 1. Nephrons are tubular structures present inside the kidneys. 2. Nephrons are made of glomerulus, bowman’s capsule, and a long renal tube. It also contains a cluster of thin walled capillaries. 3. The blood enters the kidneys through the renal artery which branches into many capillaries in the glomerulus. The water and solute are transferred to the nephron at Bowman’s capsule. Then the filtrate moves through the proximal tubule, distal tubule and collecting duct. The collecting duct collects the urine from many nephrons and passes it to the ureter. During the flow of filtrate, some substances such as glucose, amino acids, and water are selectively reabsorbed. Nephrons are the basic filtration unit. Alveoli 1. Alveoli are functional unit of lungs. 2. A mature lung has about 30 crore alveoli. 3. Alveoli provide a wide surface for gaseous exchange. 4. The exchange of O 2 and CO 2 takes place through the network of capillaries in alveoli. Nephron 1. Nephrons are functional unit of kidney. 2. A kidney has about 10 lakh nephrons. 3. The surface area of a nephron is not much more. 4. The Bowman’s capsule in...

ALVEOLI IN LUNGS NEPHRONS IN KIDNEY STRUCTURE Alveoli are small with a diameter of 0.1 - 0.2 mm. A nephron is about 3 cm long and is 20-30 nm in diameter. Nephron is a cluster of thin walled blood capillaries. FUNCTIONING Alveoli provide a large surface area for exchange of gases in lungs. They absorb oxygen that is inhaled and diffuse it into the blood and pick up carbon dioxide from the alveoli and diffuse it into the lungs which is then exhaled out. They filter the blood and maintain osmoregulation. They filter out urine from the blood by process of ultrafiltration, reabsorption, secretion and osmosis.

Alveoli Nephrons ∙ air sacs present in the lungs facilitate the exchange of gases. ∙Filtration units of kidneys that filter blood and forms urine. ∙ They belong to the respiratory system. ∙ They are a part of the excretory system. ∙ They are made of simple squamous epithelium. ∙ They are made of simple cuboidal epithelium. ∙They are surrounded by blood vessels. ∙They are surrounded by blood vessels as well as made up of blood vessels (Glomerulus part). ∙ Around 350 million alveoli are found in each lung. ∙ Approximately 1.5 million nephrons are present in each kidney.

Alveoli Nephron (i) Alveoli is the functional unit of the lungs. (ii) Nephron is the functional unit of the Kidneys. (ii) A lung has about 300 million alveoli. (ii) A kidney has about a million nephrons. (iii) Alveoli provides a very large surface for the exchange of gaseous materials to take place. (iii) The Surface are of Nephrons is not very large. (iv) The exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen takes place through alveoli. (iv) The absorption of water, amino acids, sugar molecules etc. take place in the Nephron.

the alveoli provide a suface where exchange of gases can take place. The walls of the alveoli contain an extensive network of blood vessels.when we breath in, we lift our ribs and flatten our diaphragm,and the chest cavity becomes larger as a result. Because of this,air is sucked into lungs and fills the expanded alveoli.