Define monsoon

A Monsoon's "Dry" Phase Occurs in Winter In the colder months, winds reverse and blow in a land-to-ocean circulation. As the land masses cool faster than the oceans, an excess in pressure builds over the continents causing the air over land to have higher pressure than that over the ocean. As a result, air over the land flows to the ocean. Beneficial, But Potentially Deadly Billions of people around the globe depend on monsoon rains for their yearly rainfall. In dry climates, monsoons are an important replenishment for life as water is brought back into drought-stricken zones of the world. But the monsoon cycle is a delicate balance. If rains start late, are too heavy, or not heavy enough, they can spell disaster for people's livestock, crops, and lives. Monsoon seasons can actually fail, bringing intense drought and famines to many parts of the world. From 1876 to 1879, India experienced such a monsoon failure. To study these droughts, the Indian Meteorological Service (IMS) was created. Later, Gilbert Walker, a British mathematician, began to study the effects of monsoons in India looking for patterns in climate data. He became convinced that there was a seasonal and directional reason for monsoon changes. Oblack, Rachelle. "Monsoons and Their Effect on the Environment." ThoughtCo, Aug. 25, 2020, thoughtco.com/what-is-a-monsoon-3444088. Oblack, Rachelle. (2020, August 25). Monsoons and Their Effect on the Environment. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-a-mo...

What causes a monsoon? A monsoon (from the Arabic mawsim, which means "season") arises due to a difference in temperatures between a land mass and the adjacent ocean, according to the Wet versus dry A wet monsoon typically occurs during the summer months (about April through September) bringing heavy rains, according to According to the The most rain during a monsoon season, according to Guinan, was in The average wind speeds in Meghalaya during peak summer monsoon season average 4 kilometers per second and typically vary between 1 and 7 kilometers per hour, according to Where in the world A monsoon forms in the tropics (between 0 and 23.5 degrees latitude north and south) and subtropics (between 23.5 degrees and 35 degrees latitude north and south), according to The North American monsoon Monsoon season in North America brings rainfall primarily to northern Mexico, Arizona, and New Mexico, and to a smaller extent to parts of Utah, Colorado, southern California and Baja California, according to the A The North American monsoon begins between May and June, peaks in July and August, and winds down between September and October, according to the 2004 study, drawing moisture from the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. There are many factors that are being researched in order to determine and predict the onset of the monsoon along with what the study calls the "flavor of the monsoon," which includes the strength and amount of rainfall. The study points to a number of influen...

A monsoon explained Oftentimes, when we think of monsoons we associate them with torrential downpours and mudslides. Though this isn’t necessarily inaccurate in some areas of the world, what describes a monsoon is more simple: the shifting of the season to summer. The word monsoon actually comes from the Arabic word mausim, which means “season.” So, a monsoon isn’t an individual thunder or rainstorm, but rather a large scale weather pattern that causes our summer thunderstorms, NWS explained. They are caused by seasonal shift in the winds. Why do winds shift? Well, NWS says the temperature of the land and the temperature of the water are different as seasons change — in this case as spring becomes summer. To break that down further, monsoon winds always blow from cold temperature to warm, according to NWS. Weather officials explained that land warms up faster than bodies of water at the beginning of summer. Therefore, warm air rising off the land creates conditions that reverse the direction of the wind — a monsoon. The diagram below, which was created by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, shows how seasonal temperature differences between the land and ocean can create the right conditions for a monsoon. (Credit: NOAA/JPL) How Monsoon Season affects the Southwest US When it comes to Southwest US region, the monsoonal flow develops as a strong area of high pressure aloft that NWS says is centered over the Four Corners region: the southwestern corner of Col...

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On the evening of June 11, 2015, it began to rain in Mumbai, India, and it did not stop until the next day. Trains were delayed. A wall collapsed with the added weight of water. Notices were posted about the risk of landslides in hilly areas of the city. Two people died as a result of the rainfall. Yet there was a feeling of relief in the city. As a news article in the New Indian Express put it, “Mumbai smiled as heavy showers lashed the city.” The city was smiling, so to speak, because this storm ended a long heat wave. Before the rain began, it was so hot during May that asphalt roads were melting. In many places in India, humid conditions made the heat feel much hotter. In one location, the heat index, which takes both heat and humidity into account to describe how hot it feels, was over 140°F (60°C). After the rain started, temperatures dropped as clouds shaded Mumbai from the sweltering sun. It was still warm — with high temperatures above 80°F (27°C) — but was much cooler than during the heat wave. The start of rains in early June marked the end of the dry winter and the onset of the wet summer monsoon. Mumbai, India, during monsoon rainfall. Indrani911basu Monsoons produce the very wet summers and dry winters that occur on nearly all of the tropical continents. A monsoon is not a storm like a hurricane or a summer thunderstorm, but a much larger pattern of winds and rain that spans a large geographic area like a continent, or even the entire globe. Weather and clima...