Difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Table of Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration: Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration Oxygen Requirement Requires oxygen Occurs in the absence of oxygen or with alternative electron acceptors Energy Production Produces a higher amount of ATP Produces a lower amount of ATP Efficiency Highly efficient Less efficient Waste Products Carbon dioxide and water Varies depending on the type (e.g., lactic acid, ethanol, carbon dioxide) Examples in Organisms Most plants, animals, and many microorganisms Certain bacteria, yeast, and muscle cells during intense physical activity For more information Please 1. Oxygen Requirement: • Aerobic Respiration: It requires oxygen as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. • Anaerobic Respiration: It occurs in the absence of oxygen or with alternative electron acceptors like sulfate or nitrate. 2. Energy Production: • Aerobic Respiration: It yields a significantly higher amount of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) compared to anaerobic respiration. • Anaerobic Respiration: It produces a smaller amount of ATP compared to aerobic respiration. 3. Efficiency: • Aerobic Respiration: It is a highly efficient process as it maximizes the energy extraction from organic compounds like glucose. • Anaerobic Respiration: It is less efficient than aerobic respiration due to the incomplete breakdown of glucose. 4. Waste Products: • Aerobic Respiration: The waste products are carbon dioxide and water, wh...

All living things must have constant sources of energy to continue performing even the most basic life functions. Whether that energy comes straight from the sun through photosynthesis or through eating plants or animals, the energy must be consumed and then changed into a usable form such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Fermentation is essentially the same process. The carbohydrate is broken down, but instead of making pyruvate, the final product is a different molecule depending on the type of fermentation. Fermentation is most often triggered by a lack of sufficient amounts of oxygen to continue running the aerobic respiration chain. Humans undergo lactic acid fermentation. Instead of finishing with pyruvate, lactic acid is created. Other organisms can undergo alcoholic fermentation, where the result is neither pyruvate nor lactic acid. In this case, the organism makes ethyl alcohol. Other types of fermentation are less common, but all yield different products depending on the organism undergoing fermentation. Since fermentation doesn't use the electron transport chain, it isn't considered a type of respiration. Anaerobic Respiration Even though fermentation happens without oxygen, it isn't the same as anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration begins the same way as aerobic respiration and fermentation. The first step is still glycolysis, and it still creates 2 ATP from one carbohydrate molecule. However, instead of ending with glycolysis, as fermentation does, anae...

Cellular Respiration: Aerobic Vs Anaerobic Table of Contents • • • • Energy is the driving force of any work. Every cellular activity depends on energy, and food is the source of energy. In cells, cellular respiration is the pathway of yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells undergo cellular respiration. Depending upon the oxygen demand, cellular respiration is of two types- aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Aerobic Respiration Aerobic respiration is the burning or oxidation of glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy (ATP). The whole process of aerobic respiration takes place in three steps: glycolysis, Krebs’ cycle, and electron transport system. Sites of respiration are cytoplasm and • Glycolysis: Glycolysis is the lysis or splitting of glucose. During glycolysis, one molecule of 6-carbon compound glucose is broken down into two molecules of 3-carbon pyruvic acid. This occurs in the cytoplasm either in the presence or in the absence of oxygen. Totally, in the end, we get two pyruvic acid molecules, two ATP molecules and two NADH electron carrying molecules. • Krebs’ cycle: Also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) or the citric acid cycle. The pyruvic acid formed is transferred to the matrix of mitochondria and converted into acetyl CoA. After a series of stages, two molecules of ATP are produced. Also, two compounds- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinuc...

Fermentation is a widespread pathway, but it is not the only way to get energy from fuels anaerobically (in the absence of oxygen). Some living systems instead use an inorganic molecule other than O 2 \text _2 O 2 ​ start text, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript , such as sulfate, as a final electron acceptor for an electron transport chain. This process, called anaerobic cellular respiration, is performed by some bacteria and archaea. Anaerobic cellular respiration is similar to aerobic cellular respiration in that electrons extracted from a fuel molecule are passed through an electron transport chain, driving ATP \text^-) ( NO 3 − ​ ) left parenthesis, start text, N, O, end text, start subscript, 3, end subscript, start superscript, minus, end superscript, right parenthesis , sulfur, or one of a variety of other molecules 1 ^1 1 start superscript, 1, end superscript . What kinds of organisms use anaerobic cellular respiration? Some prokaryotes—bacteria and archaea—that live in low-oxygen environments rely on anaerobic respiration to break down fuels. For example, some archaea called methanogens can use carbon dioxide as a terminal electron acceptor, producing methane as a by-product. Methanogens are found in soil and in the digestive systems of ruminants, a group of animals including cows and sheep. Similarly, sulfate-reducing bacteria and Archaea use sulfate as a terminal electron acceptor, producing hydrogen sulfide ( H 2 S ) (\text H_2\text S) ( H 2 ​ S ) ...

Aerobic Respiration vs Anaerobic Respiration Respiration is the most important metabolic reaction that is necessary for the survival of an organism. No organism can survive if it is not able to perform respiration. Respiration is the process of breaking down complex organic compounds and producing energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Image: Aerobic respiration Definition • Aerobic Respiration is the process of respiration in which oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. • It occurs in organisms when they have a free and excess supply of oxygen. • It is the common process carried out in all types of organisms except some ancient bacteria and archaea. Steps • Aerobic Respiration is a complex and continuous process but for convenience, it is divided into three basic steps. • The first step is • The second step is Krebs cycle, it takes place in the Mitochondria. • The third step is Electron Transport Chain, it takes place in the Mitochondrial membranes. Types • This type of respiration is one of its kind and has the same mechanism in all organisms. It has no further types. Net ATP yield • The main product of Aerobic respiration is Energy. This energy is produced in the form of ATP. In each cycle, a total of 38 ATP are produced • Glycolysis yields 2 ATP in each cycle. • Krebs cycle yields 2 ATP in each cycle. • Electron Transport Chain yields 34 ATP molecules in each cycle. Conditions of Occurrence • There are two limiting factors f...

Aerobic Respiration Definition Aerobic respiration is a set of metabolic reactions that take place in the presence of oxygen, occurring in a cell to convert chemical energy into ATPs. • Aerobic respiration takes place in all plants, animals, birds, and humans, except for some primitive prokaryotes. • In aerobic respiration, oxygen acts as an electron acceptor which helps produce ATPs more effectively and more quickly. • The double bond in the oxygen has higher energy than other bonds which aids to produce more ATPs. • It is the preferred method of degradation of pyruvate after glycolysis where the pyruvate then enters the mitochondria to be fully oxidized during the Kreb’s cycle. • The process of aerobic respiration is utilized for the oxidation of carbohydrates, but products from fats and proteins are also used as reactants. • Carbon dioxide gas and water are the two products of aerobic respiration along with the energy that is used to add a third phosphate group to ADP and form ATP. • Other energy-rich molecules like NADH and FADH 2 are converted into ATP via electron transport chain with oxygen and protons. • During aerobic respiration, most ATPs are produced during oxidative phosphorylation where the energy of oxygen molecule is used to pump protons out of the membrane. • The passage of protons creates a potential that is then used to initiate ATP synthase and produce ATP from ADP and a phosphate group. • Ideally, a total of 38 ATPs are produced at the end of the aerob...

Presence of Oxygen: • Aerobic Respiration: It requires the presence of oxygen to occur. Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, enabling the complete breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water. This process occurs in the mitochondria of cells. • Anaerobic Respiration: It happens without a trace of oxygen. Rather than oxygen, other inorganic atoms, for example, sulfate or nitrate go about as electron acceptors. Anaerobic Respiration is less productive than vigorous breath since the last electron acceptors have lower energy move potential. It occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Aerobic Respiration: In vigorous breath, the presence of oxygen is fundamental for the cycle to happen. This sort of breath happens in the mitochondria of cells. During high-impact breath, glucose is separated in a progression of enzymatic responses through a cycle called glycolysis. The subsequent particles from glycolysis then, at that point, enter the mitochondria, where the citrus extract cycle (otherwise called the Krebs cycle) happens. In this cycle, carbon dioxide is delivered, and high-energy electron transporters, like NADH and FADH2, are produced. The last phase of high-impact breath is the electron transport chain, which happens in the internal mitochondrial layer. Oxygen goes about as the last electron acceptor in this cycle. The high-energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed along the electron transport chain, and as the elect...

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Introduction to Aerobic vs Anaerobic Respiration All living cells obtain energy for cellular processes via the process of cellular respiration. It is the process in which food particles are broken down into smaller molecules and energy is released. During cellular respiration, the carbon atoms present in the various food substances are oxidized to ultimately release carbon dioxide. A large amount of energy is released during these oxidation reactions. This energy is trapped by some metabolic intermediates and is later used to make ATP, the energy currency of the living cells. Two types of cellular respiration are seen in living organisms; aerobic and anaerobic. Aerobic respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen while anaerobic respiration occurs only in the absence of molecular oxygen. To understand the differences between these two types of respiration, we will take a look at various aspects of aerobic as well as anaerobic respiration. At the end of this article, you will be able to identify the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. We will mainly focus on glucose breakdown as it is the most widely used fuel by the living cells. Common Reactions – Glycolysis If glucose molecules are used as fuel, glycolysis is common to both aerobic as well as anaerobic respiration. Both types of respirations begin with the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid. No oxygen molecules are used in the proc...

Term Meaning Cellular respiration The process by which organisms break down glucose into a form that the cell can use as energy ATP Adenosine triphosphate, the primary energy carrier in living things Mitochondria The eukaryotic cell structure where cellular respiration occurs Cytoplasm The contents of a cell between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope; includes cytosol which is the jelly-like substance that fills the space between organelles Aerobic Process that requires oxygen Anaerobic Process that does not require oxygen Fermentation An anaerobic pathway for breaking down glucose Aerobic Anaerobic Reactants Glucose and oxygen Glucose Products ATP, water, CO 2 _2 2 ​ start subscript, 2, end subscript ATP and lactic acid (animals); or ATP, ethanol, and CO 2 _2 2 ​ start subscript, 2, end subscript (yeast) Location Cytoplasm (glycolysis) and mitochondria Cytoplasm Stages Glycolysis (anaerobic), Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation Glycolysis, fermentation ATP produced Large amount (36 ATP) Small amount (2 ATP) • Anaerobic respiration is a normal part of cellular respiration. Glycolysis, which is the first step in all types of cellular respiration is anaerobic and does not require oxygen. If oxygen is present, the pathway will continue on to the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. However, if oxygen is not present, some organisms can undergo fermentation to continually produce ATP. Plants undergo cellular respiration. Many people believe that plants underg...

Aerobic respiration process is the opposite of the process of photosynthesis. Due to absence of light, the process of photosynthesis stops at night, but aerobic respiration happens at all times. Respiration is a process of release of energy by the breakdown of energy molecules obtained from food. This process is carried out by all sorts of living creatures, in order to produce the energy required for carrying out various metabolic activities like growth, repair, and locomotion. Aerobic and anaerobic respiration are carried out at the cellular level. Let’s take a look at how these two processes take place, and what are the differences between them. Aerobic Respiration Process Aerobic respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen. It occurs in all plants, animals, and some prokaryotic organisms. The process involves a chemical reaction resulting into breakdown of energy molecules, obtained from carbohydrates (mainly glucose), proteins, and lipids. When a glucose molecule is broken down in the presence of oxygen, energy is released, along with carbon dioxide and water as the by-products of the reaction. The energy produced is stored in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules, to carry out the various metabolic processes. Oxygen, being a good oxidizing agent, acts as the electron receptor in this process. Here is the chemical equation of the reaction that takes place: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP) C 6H 12O 6 + 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2O + 29...