Dilute hydrochloric acid react with magnesium ribbon

Practical - effect of changing the conditions on the rate of reaction Investigate the effects of changing the conditions of a reaction on the rates of chemical reactions by measuring the production of a gas. It is important in this practical to use appropriate apparatus to make and record a range of measurements accurately, including mass, time and volume. This includes the safe use of apparatus, and monitoring chemical changes. This outlines one way to carry out the practical. It is also possible to collect the gas in an inverted measuring cylinder in place of the gas syringe. Eye protection must be worn. Aims To investigate the effect of changing the conditions on the rate of a reaction. Magnesium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen: magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) The volume of hydrogen gas produced can be measured using a gas syringe. Changing the concentration of acid Method • Support a gas syringe with a stand, boss and clamp. • Using a measuring cylinder, add 50 cm 3 of dilute hydrochloric acid to a conical flask. • Add a 3 cm piece of magnesium ribbon to the flask. Immediately connect the gas syringe and start a stop clock. • Record the volume of gas produced every 5 seconds. Continue timing until no more gas is given off. • When the reaction is complete, clean the apparatus as directed by your teacher. • Repeat steps 1 to 5 with different concentrations of hydrochloric acid...

In this microscale experiment, students observe the reactions of various metals with hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid. They record their findings and attempt to explain them. Students may then be asked to write word and symbol equations for the reactions involved. The practical should take about 20 minutes. Equipment Apparatus • Eye protection • Student worksheet • Clear plastic sheet (eg ohp sheet) • Magnifying glass • Petri dish and lid Chemicals Note Solutions should be contained in plastic pipettes. See the accompanying • Hydrochloric acid, 1 mol dm –3 • Dilute nitric acid, 1 mol dm –3 • Concentrated nitric acid, 5 mol dm –3 • Sulfuric acid, 1 mol dm –3 • Magnesium ribbon • Zinc metal – small granules • Iron filings • Tin granules • Copper turnings Health, safety and technical notes • • Wear eye protection throughout (splash-resistant goggles to BS EN166 3). • Do NOTincrease quantities mentioned and work in a well-ventilated laboratory.Nitrogen oxides are formed, gases are CORROSIVE and very TOXIC (fatal if inhaled) – see CLEAPSS HazcardHC068B. • Hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq),1 mol dm –3 is low hazard – see CLEAPSS HazcardHC047a and CLEAPSS Recipe BookRB043. • Dilute nitric acid, HNO 3(aq), 1 mol dm –3 is CORROSIVE – see CLEAPSS HazcardHC067 and CLEAPSS Recipe Book RB061. • Concentrated nitric acid, HNO 3(aq), 5 mol dm –3 is OXIDISING, CORROSIVE and gives off TOXIC fumes –see CLEAPSS Hazcard HC067 and CLEAPSS Recipe Book RB061. • Sulfuric acid, H 2SO 4(aq)...

Based on the reaction given below, what is the correct increasing order reactivity of metals? (i) F e ( s ) + C u S O 4 ​ ( a q ) → F e S O 4 ​ ( a q ) + C u ( s ) (ii) C u ( s ) + F e S O 4 ​ ( a q ) → No reaction (iii) C u ( s ) + 2 A g N O 3 ​ ) 2 ​ ( a q ) → C u ( N O 3 ​ ) 2 ​ ( a q ) + 2 A g ( s ) (iv) 2 A g ( s ) + C u ( N O 3 ​ ) 2 ​ ( a q ) → No reaction 2 ml each of concentrated H C l, H N O 3 ​ and a mixture of concentrated H C l and concentrated H N O 3 ​ in the ratio of 3 : 1 were taken in test tubes labelled as A, B and C. A small piece of metal was put in each test tube. No change occurred in test tubes A and B but the metal got dissolved in test tube C respectively. The metal could be :

• Boiling tubes • Delivery tube • Test tube • Basin • Boiling tube rack • Measuring cylinder (25 cm 3 ) safety glasses, wooden splint • 1 mol/dm 3 hydrochloric acid • 1 mol/dm 3 ethanoic acid • 2 x 1 cm strips of magnesium ribbon Method • Fill the basin and test-tube with water, let the test tube rest on the bottom of the basin • Measure 20 cm 3 of ethanoic acid using the measuring cylinder and add to the boiling tube • Repeat step 2 with hydrochloric acid, place both boiling tubes in the boiling tube rack • Add the magnesium strip to each boiling tube – ensuring that the Mg is fully immersed in the acid, allow the reaction to proceed for 10 seconds and record your observations.