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• Sunderlal Committee: 30,000–40,000 civilians killed • Responsible observers: 200,000 civilians killed Operation Polo was the code name of the Hyderabad " At the time of :224 The Nizam was also beset by the :224 In November 1947, Hyderabad signed a The operation led to massive violence on communal lines, at times perpetrated by the Indian Army. Background [ ] After the Deccan Asaf Jah I or Nizam I) was appointed its Nizam-ul-Mulk by the Mughal Emperor The State of Hyderabad under the leadership of its 7th 2) of fairly homogenous territory and comprised a population of roughly 16.34 million people (as per the 1941 census) of which a majority (85%) was Hindu. The state had its own army, airline, telecommunication system, railway network, postal system, currency and radio broadcasting service. When the British departed from the Indian subcontinent in 1947, they offered the various princely states in the sub-continent the option of acceding to either India or Pakistan, or staying on as an independent state. :223 [ failed verification] Hyderabad state had been steadily becoming more theocratic since the beginning of the 20th century. In 1926, Mahmud Nawazkhan, a retired Hyderabad official, founded the Events preceding hostilities [ ] Main articles: Political and diplomatic negotiations [ ] At the time of the British withdrawal from India, the Nizam announced that he did not intend to join either new dominion, Accordingly, the Indian government offered Hyderabad a Hyderabad vio...