Ecg hr normal range

ECG strip showing a normal heartbeat ECG strip showing bradycardia Bradycardia is a In general, for adults, a resting heart rate of fewer than 60 beats per minute (BPM) qualifies as bradycardia. There are exceptions. Your heart rate may fall below 60 BPM during deep sleep. Physically active adults (and athletes) often have a resting heart rate slower than 60 BPM. Causes of bradycardia Causes for bradycardia include: • Problems with the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart’s natural pacemaker • Problems in the conduction pathways of the heart that don’t allow electrical impulses to pass properly from the atria to the ventricles • Metabolic problems such as hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone) • Damage to the heart from aging, • Certain • • Infection of heart tissue, known as • Complications from heart surgery • Chemical imbalances in the blood, such as potassium or calcium • Repeated breathing disruptions during sleep, known as obstructive • Inflammatory disease, such as rheumatic fever or lupus Symptoms of bradycardia A heart rate that’s too slow can cause insufficient blood flow to the brain. Symptoms of bradycardia include: • Fatigue or feeling weak • Dizziness or lightheadedness • Confusion • Fainting (or near-fainting) • Shortness of breath • Tires easily during exercise • Chest pain Complications of bradycardia Possible complications of bradycardia can include: • • • Treatment of bradycardia Borderline or occasional bradycardia may not require treatment. Severe or prolonge...

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Checklist Assess ventricular (RR intervals) and atrial (PP intervals) rate and rhythm: • Is ventricular rhythm regular? What is the ventricular rate (beats/min)? • Is atrial rhythm regular? What is the atrial rate (beats/min)? • P-waves should precede every QRS complex and the P-wave should be positive in lead II. Common findings • Sinus rhythm (which is the normal rhythm) has the following characteristics: (1) heart rate 50–100 beats per minute; (2) P-wave precedes every QRS complex; (3) the P-wave is positive in lead II and (4) the PR interval is constant. • Causes of bradycardia: sinus bradycardia, sinoatrial block, sinoatrial arrest/inhibition, second-degree AV block, third-degree AV block. Note that escape rhythms may arise during bradycardia. Also note that bradycardia due to dysfunction in the sinoatrial node is referred to as sinus node dysfunction (SND). If a person with ECG signs of SND is symptomatic, the condition is classified as sick sinus syndrome (SSS). • Causes of tachycardia (tachyarrhythmia) with narrow QRS complexes (QRS duration <0,12 s): sinus tachycardia, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, sinoatrial re-entry tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, atrial tachycardia, multifocal atrial tachycardia, AVNRT, AVRT (pre-excitation, WPW). Note that narrow complex tachyarrhythmia rarely cause circulatory compromise or collapse. • Causes of tachycardia (tachyarrhythmia) with wide QRS complexes (QRS duration ≥0,12 s): ventricular tachycardia is the mo...

ECG strip showing a normal heartbeat ECG strip showing tachycardia Tachycardia in adults refers to a heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute. How that’s defined may depend on your age and physical condition. Types of tachycardias Atrial or Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) Atrial or supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a fast heart rate that starts in the upper chambers of the heart. Some forms of this tachycardia are paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). With atrial or supraventricular tachycardia, electrical signals in the heart’s upper chambers occur abnormally. There may also be structural abnormalities of the heart.This interferes with electrical impulses coming from the sinus node, the heart’s natural pacemaker. The disruption results in a faster than normal heart rate. This rapid heartbeat keeps the heart’s chambers from filling completely between contractions, which may compromise blood flow to the rest of the body. Risk factors for Atrial or SVT In general, those most likely to have atrial or supraventricular tachycardia are: • Children (SVT is the most common type of arrhythmia in kids) • Women, to a greater degree than men • Young people with anxiety • People who are middle-aged and older You are at increased risk for atrial tachycardia or SVT if you: • Drink alcohol heavily • Smoke heavily or use illegal drugs, such as amphetamines and cocaine • Have coronary artery disease, have had heart surgery or othe...

What should your heart rate be when working out, and how can you keep track of it? Our simple chart will help keep you in the target training zone, whether you want to lose weight or just maximize your workout. Find out what normal resting and maximum heart rates are for your age and how exercise intensity and other factors affect heart rate. How do I get my heart rate in the target zone? When you work out, are you doing too much or not enough? There’s a simple way to know: Your target heart rate helps you hit the bullseye so you can get max benefit from every step, swing and squat. Even if you’re not a gym rat or elite athlete, knowing your heart rate (or pulse) can help you track your health and fitness level. What is a resting heart rate? Your resting heart rate is the number of times your heart beats per minute when you’re at rest. A good time to check it is in the morning after you’ve had a good night’s sleep, before you get out of bed or grab that first cup of java! Is resting heart rate different by age? For most of us (adults), between 60 and 100 beats per minute (bpm) is normal. 1 The rate can be affected by factors like stress, anxiety, hormones, medication, and how physically active you are. An athlete or more active person may have a resting heart rate as low as 40 beats per minute. Now that’s chill! When it comes to resting heart rate, lower is better. It usually means your heart muscle is in better condition and doesn’t have to work as hard to maintain a stea...

• Basic anatomy & physiology • Introduction to ECG Interpretation • Arrhythmias and arrhythmology • Myocardial Ischemia & Infarction • Conduction Defects • Cardiac Hypertrophy & Enlargement • Drugs & Electrolyte Imbalance • Genetics, Syndromes & Miscellaneous • Exercise Stress Testing (Exercise ECG) • Pacemaker & CRT • Pediatric & neonatal ECG • ECHO • SCA & CPR • TAKE A TEST • POPULAR ECG Interpretation Part 1: definitions, criteria, and characteristics of the normal ECG (EKG) waves, intervals, durations & rhythm This is arguably one of the most important chapters throughout this course. At the heart of normal findings, normal variants (i.e less common variants of what is considered normal) and pathological variants. Thus, in this chapter, you will learn the physiological basis of all ECG waves and how to determine whether the ECG is normal or abnormal.Although heart rhythm will be discussed in detail in the next chapters, fundamental aspects of rhythm will also be covered in this discussion(refer to ECG example 1. Normal ECG example 2. Normal sinus rhythm. R-waves have low amplitude, suggesting low voltage (see below). ECG example 3. Normal sinus rhythm. ECG example 4. Normal sinus rhythm. ECG example 5. Sinus rhythm. ECG example 6. Sinus rhythm, rapid progression of R-waves in precordial leads. Slight ST-segment elevation in leads V2-V3, which is normal in men and women. ECG example 7. Sinus rhythm. Relatively large T-waves in V2-V3, with ST-segment elevations. Relative...

Checklist Assess ventricular (RR intervals) and atrial (PP intervals) rate and rhythm: • Is ventricular rhythm regular? What is the ventricular rate (beats/min)? • Is atrial rhythm regular? What is the atrial rate (beats/min)? • P-waves should precede every QRS complex and the P-wave should be positive in lead II. Common findings • Sinus rhythm (which is the normal rhythm) has the following characteristics: (1) heart rate 50–100 beats per minute; (2) P-wave precedes every QRS complex; (3) the P-wave is positive in lead II and (4) the PR interval is constant. • Causes of bradycardia: sinus bradycardia, sinoatrial block, sinoatrial arrest/inhibition, second-degree AV block, third-degree AV block. Note that escape rhythms may arise during bradycardia. Also note that bradycardia due to dysfunction in the sinoatrial node is referred to as sinus node dysfunction (SND). If a person with ECG signs of SND is symptomatic, the condition is classified as sick sinus syndrome (SSS). • Causes of tachycardia (tachyarrhythmia) with narrow QRS complexes (QRS duration <0,12 s): sinus tachycardia, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, sinoatrial re-entry tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, atrial tachycardia, multifocal atrial tachycardia, AVNRT, AVRT (pre-excitation, WPW). Note that narrow complex tachyarrhythmia rarely cause circulatory compromise or collapse. • Causes of tachycardia (tachyarrhythmia) with wide QRS complexes (QRS duration ≥0,12 s): ventricular tachycardia is the mo...

ECG strip showing a normal heartbeat ECG strip showing tachycardia Tachycardia in adults refers to a heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute. How that’s defined may depend on your age and physical condition. Types of tachycardias Atrial or Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) Atrial or supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a fast heart rate that starts in the upper chambers of the heart. Some forms of this tachycardia are paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). With atrial or supraventricular tachycardia, electrical signals in the heart’s upper chambers occur abnormally. There may also be structural abnormalities of the heart.This interferes with electrical impulses coming from the sinus node, the heart’s natural pacemaker. The disruption results in a faster than normal heart rate. This rapid heartbeat keeps the heart’s chambers from filling completely between contractions, which may compromise blood flow to the rest of the body. Risk factors for Atrial or SVT In general, those most likely to have atrial or supraventricular tachycardia are: • Children (SVT is the most common type of arrhythmia in kids) • Women, to a greater degree than men • Young people with anxiety • People who are middle-aged and older You are at increased risk for atrial tachycardia or SVT if you: • Drink alcohol heavily • Smoke heavily or use illegal drugs, such as amphetamines and cocaine • Have coronary artery disease, have had heart surgery or othe...

What should your heart rate be when working out, and how can you keep track of it? Our simple chart will help keep you in the target training zone, whether you want to lose weight or just maximize your workout. Find out what normal resting and maximum heart rates are for your age and how exercise intensity and other factors affect heart rate. How do I get my heart rate in the target zone? When you work out, are you doing too much or not enough? There’s a simple way to know: Your target heart rate helps you hit the bullseye so you can get max benefit from every step, swing and squat. Even if you’re not a gym rat or elite athlete, knowing your heart rate (or pulse) can help you track your health and fitness level. What is a resting heart rate? Your resting heart rate is the number of times your heart beats per minute when you’re at rest. A good time to check it is in the morning after you’ve had a good night’s sleep, before you get out of bed or grab that first cup of java! Is resting heart rate different by age? For most of us (adults), between 60 and 100 beats per minute (bpm) is normal. 1 The rate can be affected by factors like stress, anxiety, hormones, medication, and how physically active you are. An athlete or more active person may have a resting heart rate as low as 40 beats per minute. Now that’s chill! When it comes to resting heart rate, lower is better. It usually means your heart muscle is in better condition and doesn’t have to work as hard to maintain a stea...

ECG strip showing a normal heartbeat ECG strip showing bradycardia Bradycardia is a In general, for adults, a resting heart rate of fewer than 60 beats per minute (BPM) qualifies as bradycardia. There are exceptions. Your heart rate may fall below 60 BPM during deep sleep. Physically active adults (and athletes) often have a resting heart rate slower than 60 BPM. Causes of bradycardia Causes for bradycardia include: • Problems with the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart’s natural pacemaker • Problems in the conduction pathways of the heart that don’t allow electrical impulses to pass properly from the atria to the ventricles • Metabolic problems such as hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone) • Damage to the heart from aging, • Certain • • Infection of heart tissue, known as • Complications from heart surgery • Chemical imbalances in the blood, such as potassium or calcium • Repeated breathing disruptions during sleep, known as obstructive • Inflammatory disease, such as rheumatic fever or lupus Symptoms of bradycardia A heart rate that’s too slow can cause insufficient blood flow to the brain. Symptoms of bradycardia include: • Fatigue or feeling weak • Dizziness or lightheadedness • Confusion • Fainting (or near-fainting) • Shortness of breath • Tires easily during exercise • Chest pain Complications of bradycardia Possible complications of bradycardia can include: • • • Treatment of bradycardia Borderline or occasional bradycardia may not require treatment. Severe or prolonge...