Excretory system in human beings

Excretion is the process of removal of toxic wastes from the body of an organism. The major wastes produced by us are: Carbon dioxide and Urea. Carbon dioxide is produced by the process of respiration and urea is produced by the decomposition of unused proteins in the liver. There are different organs which removes waste from the body. These are lungs and kidneys. Our lungs excrete carbon dioxide and kidneys urea. Excretion is the process of removal of toxic wastes from the body of an organism. The major wastes produced by us are: Carbon dioxide and Urea. Carbon dioxide is produced by the process of respiration and urea is produced by the decomposition of unused proteins in the liver. It is necessary to remove these wastes from our body as their accumulation is poisonous and harm us. There are different organs which removes waste from the body. These are lungs and kidneys. Our lungs excrete carbon dioxide and kidneys urea. So, the kidney is the main excretory organs of the human body. First we will see how carbon dioxide is removed through lungs: Carbon dioxide is produces as a waste product in the body by the oxidation of food during respiration. This carbon dioxide enters from the body tissues in to the blood stream by diffusion. Blood carries this carbon dioxide to the lungs. When we breathe out, then the lungs excrete carbon dioxide which goes in to the air through nostrils. The excretory system of human beings collects the liquid wastes of the body and helps it get ri...

May 17, 2023 — In testing the genetic material of current populations in Africa and comparing against existing fossil evidence of early Homo sapiens populations there, researchers have uncovered a new model of human evolution -- overturning previous beliefs that a single African population gave rise to all ...

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If you were a single-celled organism and you lived in a nutrient-rich place, staying alive would be pretty straightforward. For instance, if you were an amoeba living in a pond, you could absorb nutrients straight from your environment. The oxygen you would need for metabolism could diffuse in across your cell membrane, and carbon dioxide and other wastes could diffuse out. When the time came to reproduce, you could just divide yourself in two! However, odds are you are not an amoeba—given that you're using Khan Academy right now—and things aren’t quite so simple for big, many-celled organisms like human beings. Your complex body has over 30 trillion cells, and most of those cells aren’t in direct contact with the external environment. 1 ^1 1 start superscript, 1, end superscript A cell deep inside your body—in one of your bones, say, or in your liver—can’t get the nutrients or oxygen it needs directly from the environment. Most cells in large multicellular organisms don't directly exchange substances like nutrients and wastes with the external environment, instead, they are surrounded by an internal environment of extracellular fluid—literally, fluid outside of cells. The cells get oxygen and nutrients from this extracellular fluid and release waste products into it. Humans and other complex organisms have specialized systems that maintain the internal environment, keeping it steady and able to provide for the needs of the cells. Different systems of the body carry out di...

Term Meaning Digestive system The body system that converts food into energy and nutrients to fuel the body Chemical digestion The breaking down of food using chemical agents, such as enzymes and bile Mechanical digestion The breaking down of food by physical means, such as chewing Absorption The process by which nutrients pass through the walls of the digestive system into the blood Excretory system The body system that removes metabolic wastes from the body Excretion The process of removing wastes and excess water from the body The chyme is slowly transported into the small intestine, where most chemical digestion takes place. Bile, which is made in the liver, is released from the gallbladder to help digest fats. In addition, enzymes from the pancreas and intestinal walls combine with the chyme to start the final part of digestion. The chyme then enters the large intestine. Here, water is removed and bacteria break down some undigestible materials, producing important compounds (such as vitamin K). The concentrated waste material that remains is called feces, which is passed into the rectum and eliminated from the body through the anus. The small intestine is actually longer than the large intestine. In fact, at approximately 20 feet in length, the small intestine is nearly four times as long as the large intestine (5 feet long)! However, the intestines are named for their diameters, not their lengths. The large intestine has a diameter of about 3 inches compared to the ...

Excretory system in humans beings The excretory system in humans being gathers and drains out the wastes from the body. The human excretory system consists of a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra. The waste substances dissolved in the blood are carried to the kidneys for filtration. During the filtration of blood, many useful things also get filtered along with the waste things. They are reabsorbed and the waste products are dissolved in water to form urine. Urine contains 95 per cent water, 2.5 per cent urea and 2.5 per cent other wastes. Urine is collected from the kidneys by two tubes called ureters that open into a muscular bag called the urinary bladder. When the bladder gets full, urine is passed out through the urethra. In case both kidneys of a person fail to work, blood is cleaned by a process called dialysis and a more permanent solution is kidney transplantation. Extra salts are also removed from our skin in the form of sweat. Sweat also helps to keep the body cool in summer. The Main Parts of the excretory system in humans There is the following main excretory system in humans: • Kidneys • Renal Arteries • Renal vein • Ureters or Excretory tubes • Urinary bladder • Urethra Kidneys Each kidney is bean-shaped, reddish-brown in colour and is located in the abdomen, one on either side of the backbone. It is about 12 cm long, about 6 cm thick and weighs about 150 gm. • The study of the kidney is called Nephrology. • Doctor of the kid...