Explain construction working and uses of a transformer

changing the frequency. Transformer can increaseor decrease the voltage or current in a circuit. WORKING PRINCIPLE: Transformer works on the principle of Mutualinduction between two windings (Primary and secondary) linked by commonmagnetic flux. When source of alternating voltage is connected to the Primarycoil the magnetic flux produced in primary induces flux in secondary coil too. Thefrequency remain same. Construction:- i t consist of twoinductive winding and a steel core which is laminated. The core is constructedby stacking sheets of steel with minimum air gap between the two. The steel isused because of its high permeability and low hysteresis loss. The stackingmust of alternating sides of joint. Additional Problems(77) The student engineer of a campus radio station wishes to verify the effectiveness of the lightning rod on the antenna mast (Figure). The unknown resistance R x ​ is between points C and E. Point E is a true ground, but it is inaccessible for direct measurement because this stratum is several meters below the Earths surface. Two identical rods are driven into the ground at A and B, introducing an unknown resistance R y ​ . The procedure is as follows. Measure resistance R1 between points A and B, then connect A and B with a heavy conducting wire and measure resistance R 2 ​ between points A and C. (a) Derive an equation for R x ​ in terms of the observable resistances, R 1 ​ and R 2 ​ . (b) A satisfactory ground resistance would be R x ​ < 2 . 0 0 Ω. ...

A current transformer (CT) is a type of transformer that is used to measure AC current. It produces an alternating current (AC) in its secondary which is proportional to the AC current in its primary. Current transformers, along with voltage or potential transformers are Instrument transformer. Current transformers are designed to provide a scaled-down replica of the current in the HV line and isolate the measuring instruments, meters, relays, etc., from the high voltage power circuit. The large alternating currents which can not be sensed or passed through the normal ammeter, and current coils of Related: Table of Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • Current Transformer Symbol / Circuit Diagram Current Transformer Circuit Diagram A current transformer (CT) basically has a primary coil of one or more turns of heavy cross-sectional area. In some, the bar carrying high current may act as a primary. This is connected in series with the line carrying high current. CT construction and Circuit Symbol Current Transformer Circuit Symbols according to IEEE and IEC Standards The secondary of the current transformer is made up of a large number of turns of fine wire having a small cross-sectional area. This is usually rated for 5A. This is connected to the coil of normal range ammeter. Related: Working Principle of Current Transformer These transformers are basically step-up transformers i.e. stepping up a voltage from primary to secondary. Thus the current reduces from primary to seco...

Two principal types of Figure 1. Core-type and shell-type transformers work well in high-powerapplications. There are four ways to connect the primary and secondary windings of the transformers symmetrically. These combinations, along with the typical magnetic circuits configurations, have a profound impact on the transformer and power system performance. Arrays of Iron and Coils in Single-phase Transformers Again, there are two general types of transformers depending on the arrangement of the iron and copper: core-type and shell-type. In core-type transformers, the iron core is in the form of a hollow square made up of sheet-steel laminations, and the windings surround it. Figure 2represents, diagrammatically, a core-type transformer. Figure 2. Single-phase core type transformer Manufacturing the core-type transformer with the primary and secondary coils on separate legs creates large leakage fluxes giving poor voltage regulation and unsatisfactory general performance. However, placing both coils on each leg, as shown in Figure 3, reduces the leakage flux to a small value. Figure 3. Core-type arrangement of coils and core In the shell-type transformers, the iron nearly surrounds the coils, as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4. Shell-type arrangement of coils and core The core is shaped like a figure eight. The entire flux passes through the central part of the core, but outside of this central core it divides, half going in each direction. The coils have the shape of pancakes, ...

The transformer is an electrical device used to transfer electric power from one circuit to another without changing its frequency and it achieves by electromagnetic induction. Basically, transformers are available in two types namely shell type and core type. The main function is to step up and step down the voltage. For measurement purposes, What is the Current Transformer? Definition: An instrument transformer that is used to generate an AC within the secondary winding of the transformer is known as a current transformer. This is also known as a series transformer as it is allied in series with the circuit for measuring different parameters of Current Transformer Device Working Principle The working principle of the current transformer is somewhat different when we compare it with a normal voltage transformer. Similar to the voltage transformer, it includes two windings. Whenever AC supplies throughout the primary winding, then alternating magnetic flux can be generated, then AC will be induced within the secondary winding. In this type, the load impedance is very small. Thus, this transformer works under short circuit conditions. So the current within the secondary winding depends on the current in the primary winding but doesn’t depend on the load impedance. Current Transformer Construction The construction of this transformer includes different features based on the design like primary ampere-turns, core, windings, and Current Transformer Construction Primary Ampere ...

The basic principle behind working of a transformer is the phenomenon of mutual induction between two windings linked by common magnetic flux. The figure at right shows the simplest form of a transformer. Basically a transformer consists of two inductive coils; primary winding and secondary winding. The coils are electrically separated but magnetically linked to each other. When, primary winding is connected to a source of alternating voltage, alternating Basic construction of transformer Basically a transformer consists of two inductive windings and a laminated steel core. The coils are insulated from each other as well as from the steel core. A transformer may also consist of a container for winding and core assembly (called as tank), suitable bushings to take our the terminals, oil conservator to provide oil in the transformer tank for cooling purposes etc. The figure at left illustrates the basic construction of a transformer. In all types of transformers, core is constructed by assembling (stacking) laminated sheets of steel, with minimum air-gap between them (to achieve continuous magnetic path). The steel used is having high silicon content and sometimes heat treated, to provide high permeability and low hysteresis loss. Laminated sheets of steel are used to reduce eddy current loss. The sheets are cut in the shape as E,I and L. To avoid high reluctance at joints, laminations are stacked by alternating the sides of joint. That is, if joints of first sheet assembly a...