Feminism meaning

Recent Examples on the Web With the second wave feminism of the mid-20th century came a reclamation of the word witch as a term of pride and empowerment. — Jessica Iredale, Town & Country, 28 Apr. 2023 Santa Monica Art Museum Museum kicks off a two-day series of discussion panels on subjects including immersive art, NFTs and feminism in Web3. — Degen Pener, The Hollywood Reporter, 13 Feb. 2023 The tale of these two pairs of women—Clance and Imes formulating their idea in the seventies, and Tulshyan and Burey pushing back in 2020—belongs to the larger intellectual story of second-wave feminism receiving necessary correctives from the third wave. — Leslie Jamison, The New Yorker, 6 Feb. 2023 Gone, too, is bell hooks, the writer who shaped discussions about race, feminism and class. — Eliza Fawcett, New York Times, 1 Feb. 2023 Born into a family of activists in 1890 in Concord, Flynn was exposed to anti-establishment ideas from her earliest years, according to Rosalyn Baxandall, a historian of feminism. — Andrew Jeong, Washington Post, 17 May 2023 That determination speaks to the forthright feminism of Zlotowski’s storytelling, which manifests itself in a hundred different ways. — Justin Chang, Los Angeles Times, 20 Apr. 2023 Rowling, who wrote the screenplays for the Fantastic Beasts movies, had become a controversial figure for her outspoken views on transgender rights and feminism by that point, bringing some heat to her involvement in the film. — Julia Moore, Peoplemag, 4...

Liberalism is a family of doctrines that emphasize the value of freedom and hold that the just state ensures freedom for individuals. Liberal feminists embrace this value and this role for the state and insist on freedom for women. A disagreement concerning how freedom should be understood divides liberalism into two different sorts; this disagreement also divides liberal feminism. Some liberals understand freedom as freedom from coercive interference. The convention in the literature is to call such folks “classical liberals”. This is fitting since the view they embrace is historically prior. (Some call it “old liberalism” (Gaus, Courtland, & Schmidts 2018; Paul, Miller, & Paul 2007).) However, as readers will see, there are contemporary classical liberals, and among them contemporary classical liberal feminists. Other liberals understand freedom as personal autonomy—living a life of one’s own choosing—and political autonomy—being co-author of the conditions under which one lives. While some historians call such folks “new liberals” (Rosenblatt 2018), the convention in the contemporary philosophical literature is to simply call them “liberals”. To avoid using the same term for both genus and species, this article calls the second sort of liberals “egalitarian liberals” and the second sort of liberal feminism “egalitarian-liberal feminism”. Classical-liberal feminism and egalitarian-liberal feminism are, themselves, families of doctrines with significant internal differenc...

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Key areas of focus within feminist theory include: • discrimination and exclusion • objectification • structural and economic inequality • power and oppression • Overview Many people incorrectly believe that feminist theory focuses exclusively on girls and women and that it has an inherent goal of promoting the superiority of women over men. That said, since the experiences and perspectives of women and girls were historically excluded for years from social theory and social science, much feminist theory has focused on their interactions and experiences within society to ensure that half the world's population is not left out of how we see and understand social forces, relations, and problems. While most feminist theorists throughout history have been women, people of all genders can be found working in the discipline today. By shifting the focus of social theory away from the perspectives and experiences of men, feminist theorists have created social theories that are more inclusive and creative than those that assume the social actor to always be a man. For example, cultural feminists look at the different values associated with womanhood and femininity as a reason for why men and women experience the social world differently. Other feminist theorists believe that the different roles assigned to women and men within institutions better explain gender differences, including Psychoanalytic feminists attempt to explain power relations between men and women by reformulating ...

A patriarchy, from the ancient Greek patriarches, was a society where power was held by and passed down through the elder males. When modern historians and sociologists describe a "patriarchal society," they mean that men hold the positions of power and have more privilege: head of the family unit, leaders of social groups, boss in the workplace, and heads of government. In patriarchy, there is also a hierarchy among the men. In traditional patriarchy, the elder men had power over the younger generations of men. In modern patriarchy, some men hold more power (and privilege) by virtue of the position of authority, and this hierarchy of power (and privilege) is considered acceptable. Gerda Lerner's Analysis of Patriarchy The Creation of Patriarchy, traces the development of the patriarchy to the second millennium B.C.E. in the middle east, putting gender relations at the center of the story of civilization's history.She argues that before this development, male dominance was not a feature of human society in general.Women were key to the maintenance of human society and community, but with a few exceptions, social and legal power was wielded by men. Women could gain some status and privilege in patriarchy by limiting her child-bearing capacity to just one man so that he could depend on her children being his children. "Other groups that were subordinated in history — peasants, slaves, colonials, any kind of group, ethnic minorities — all of those groups knew very quickly tha...

Intersectionality is a term coined by professor Kimberlé Crenshaw in 1989 to describe how different social categories interact, sometimes resulting in compounding effects and tensions. Her paper on the subject argued that discrimination specifically against Black women is different from general anti-woman discrimination or anti-Black racism. Instead, it involves the unique compound experience of both sexism and racism. Initially used in the context of discrimination law, the concept saw a resurgence in the 21st century among left-wing activists who broadened intersectionality to include categories such as class and sexual orientation.

Feminism is one of the oldest movements in global history. There’s no single definition, but The wave metaphor is the most common explanation for feminism’s movements, though it’s not without flaws. It can oversimplify a complicated history of values, ideas, and people that are often in conflict with each other. With this simplification, one might think The first wave The first wave in the late 19th-century was not the first appearance of feminist ideals, but it was the first real political movement for the Western world. In 1792, Mary Wollstonecraft published the revolutionary Vindication of the Rights of Woman. In 1848, about 200 women met in a church. They came up with 12 resolutions asking for specific rights, such as the right to vote. Reproductive rights also became an important issue for early feminists. After years of feminist activism, Congress finally passed the 19th amendment in 1920 and gave women the vote. This was almost 30 years after New Zealand became the first country where women could vote. First-wave feminism had a fairly simple goal: have society recognize that women are humans, not property. While the leaders of 1st-wave feminism were abolitionists, their focus was on white women’s rights. This exclusion would haunt feminism for years to come. The second wave Second-wave feminism took place in the 1960s and ‘70s. It built on first-wave feminism and challenged what women’s role in society should be. Inspired by the Three main types of feminism emerged:...