Hemiballismus meaning

Overview Hemiballism is often a challenging movement disorder to manage, especially in severe cases. Outlined herein are some of the salient points that may help the clinician understand better the history, clinical spectrum, causes, pathophysiology, differential diagnoses, diagnostic workup, prognosis, and latest medical and surgical treatment options for hemiballism. A clinical vignette is also provided to illustrate a classic case of hemiballism. Key points • Hemiballism refers to flinging movements of the upper and lower limbs on one side of the body. • Onset of hemiballism is usually acute and is most commonly due to ischemic stroke, hemorrhage, autoimmune disorders, medications, metabolic abnormalities (most commonly hyperglycemia), neoplasms, or infections. • Treatment is usually symptomatic unless a reversible cause can be identified and corrected (eg, hyperglycemia, infections, drugs, or metabolic abnormalities). • Drug therapy usually involves the use of neuroleptics or antiepileptic agents. • Medically refractory hemiballismus may be amenable to deep brain stimulation surgery. Historical note and terminology "Ballism,” (meaning "to throw" in Greek) refers to violent, irregular flinging limb movements. It constitutes part of the spectrum of chorea (meaning “to dance”) and is a result of proximal muscle contraction. There are several types of ballism, depending on the distribution of movements. The most common form is “hemiballism,” which involves flinging movemen...

Wikipedia Rate this definition: 0.0 / 0 votes • Hemiballismus Hemiballismus or hemiballism is a basal ganglia syndrome resulting from damage to the subthalamic nucleus in the basal ganglia. Hemiballismus is a rare hyperkinetic movement disorder, that is characterized by violent involuntary limb movements, on one side of the body, and can cause significant disability. Ballismus affects both sides of the body and is much rarer. Symptoms can decrease during sleep.Hemiballismus differs from chorea in that the movements occur in the proximal limbs whereas in chorea the limb movements are in the distal limbs. Also in chorea the movements are more dance-like, flowing from one region to another. Freebase Rate this definition: 0.0 / 0 votes • Hemiballismus Hemiballismus, sometimes called ballism, is a very rare movement disorder, classified by a decrease in activity of the subthalamic nucleus of the basal ganglia, resulting in decreased suppression of undesired movements. It is 500 times more rare than Parkinson's disease. Its effects can sometimes be severe enough to prevent patients from being able to perform daily functions. It is usually associated with structural brain lesions but can occur with metabolic abnormalities. The symptoms can also decrease while the patient is asleep, unlike some movement disorders. • - Select - • 简体中文 (Chinese - Simplified) • 繁體中文 (Chinese - Traditional) • Español (Spanish) • Esperanto (Esperanto) • 日本語 (Japanese) • Português (Portuguese) • Deutsch...

Continuing Education Activity Hemiballismus is a hyperkinetic involuntary movement disorder characterized by intermittent, sudden, violent, involuntary, flinging, or ballistic high amplitude movements involving the ipsilateral arm and leg caused by dysfunction in the central nervous system of the contralateral side. This activity reviews the etiology, evaluation, and management of hemiballismus and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in the identification and treatment of patients with the condition. Objectives: • Identify the etiology of hemiballismus medical conditions and emergencies. • Summarize appropriate evaluation of hemiballismus. • Outline the management options available for hemiballismus. • Describe interprofessional team strategies for improving care coordination and communication for patients with hemiballismus and improve outcomes. Introduction Hemiballismus is a hyperkinetic involuntary movement disorder characterized by intermittent, sudden, violent, involuntary, flinging, or ballistic high amplitude movementsinvolving the ipsilateral arm and leg caused by dysfunction in the central nervous system of the contralateral side. Etiology Excessive dopaminergic activity and damage to the pathways of the basal ganglia (hyperkinetic theory) are the basic predominant etiologies of hyperkinetic syndromes. Following are some of the common etiologies of hemiballismus: • Intracranial hemorrhage • Stroke (ischemic): the most common cause in patients more t...

Hemiballismus is a separate type of hyperkinesis caused by the lesion of the subthalamic body of Lewis. It is characterized by typical violent high-amplitude movements covering the proximal extremities of one half of the body. It is diagnosed according to the neurological status, brain tomography, analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. Drug treatment is carried out with dopamine receptor blockers, gabaergic agents against the background of therapy of causal pathology. In resistant cases, neurosurgical treatment (thalamotomy, pallidotomy) is possible. Prognosis and prevention ICD 10 G25.5 Other types of chorea General information The medical term “ballism” comes from the Greek “ballismos” – throwing, denotes sharp involuntary throwing motor acts. Ballistic hyperkinesis is most often observed in the upper and lower extremities of one half of the body. Such a one-sided variant of ballism was called hemiballismus. Involvement in hyperkinesis of all limbs is indicated by the term “paraballism”, one arm or leg — by the term “monoballism”, but these conditions are diagnosed much less often. According to statistics, hemiballismus accounts for 1.7% of all motor disorders, is widespread everywhere, has no gender preferences. Causes Hyperkinesis develops due to dysfunction of the subthalamic basal ganglion, called the Lewis nucleus in neurology. The etiofactors of the lesion of the Lewis body in most cases are acute disorders of cerebral circulation, which occur as a result of angioma or •...