How can ethanol and ethanoic acid be differentiated class 10

Table of Contents • • • • • • • • How can ethanol and ethanoic acid be differentiated class 10? (a) Differences in physical properties : (i) Ethanol has a pleasant smell whereas ethanoic acid has the smell of vinegar. (ii) Ethanol has a burning taste whereas ethanoic acid has a sour taste. (iii)The boiling point of ethanol is low (351 K) whereas that of ethanoic acid is comparatively high (391 K). What is the test to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid? Chemical test to identify ethanol and ethanoic acid Add sodium carbonate/sodium hydrogen carbonate solution in both the test tubes, the test tube which will produce brisk effervescence of CO2 gas will contain ethanoic acid. Ethanol do not evolve CO2 gas when reacted with Na2CO3/ NaHCO3. What is ethanol and ethanoic acid class 10? At room temperature, Ethanol is always a liquid, and it has a melting point of 156K and a boiling point of 351 K. Ethanoic acid is also referred to as glacial acetic acid because its melting point is 16oC. Ethanoic acid has a vinegar-like smell. Ethanol does not react with carbonates or hydrogen carbonate. READ: Can I use an iPad mini as a telephone? Is ethanol or ethanoic acid stronger? q Acetic acid is more acidic than ethanol, because the anion of acetic acid, i.e. the acetate anion, is resonance stabilized , but the anion of ethanol is not. In both anions, the negative charge is on oxygen, so the resonance effect is essentially the only differentiating effect. What is ethanol acid? et...

Solution 1. Physical properties: 1. Smell:- Ethanoic acid has a pungent smell while ethanol has a pleasant smell. 2. Melting point :- The melting point of ethanol is much lower (156k) than that of ethanoic acid (290k) In winter season ethanoic acid freezes to form glacier like crystal while ethanol remains as a liquid. 3. Boiling point:- The boiling point of ethanoic acid is much higher (391)k than that of ethanol (351k). 4. Action of litmus:- Ethanol is a neutral compound and hence it neither turns blue litmus red, nor red litmus blue. In contrast ethanoic acid is acidic in nature and hence turns blue litmus red. II Chemical properties: 1. Action of sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate:- Ethanoic acid produce brisk effervesence due to the evolution of Co, gas from sodium carbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate but ethanol does not. 2 C H 3 C O O H + N a 2 C O 3 → 2 C h 3 C O O N a + C O 2 + H 2 O C H 3 C O O H + N a H C O 3 → C H 3 C O O H N a + C O 2 + h 2 O Action of alkaline potassium permanaganate:- Ethanol discharges the pink colour of K M n O 4 but ethanoic acid does not

Physical Properties: Both Ethanol and ethanoic acid are liquids at room temperature and have distinct melting and boiling points. Physical Property Ethnol Ethanoic acid Melting Point (in K) 156 290 Boiling Point (in K) 351 391 Chemical Properties: Ethanoic acid produces CO 2 when reacted with carbonates or bicarbonates. Ethanol does not react with carbonates or bicarbonates. Ethanoic acid reacts with a base (say NaOH) to give salt and water: CH 3COOH + NaOH → CH 3COONa + H 2O Ethanol reacts very slightly with NaOH.

Distinction based on physical properties: (i) Small. Ethanol hasa characteristic smell known as alcoholic smell which is pleasant. Ethanoic acid has vinegar likesmall. (ii) boiling points. Boiling point of ethanol (351K) isless than that of ethanoic aciid (391K). ltbr. (iii) Litmus test. Ethanol isneutral in nature and does not bring any change in the colour of litmus whether blue or red. Ethanoic acid is acidic and changes the colour of a blue litmus strip to red when dipped in it. disstinction based on chemical properties: (i) Action with sodium hydrogen carbonate. On adding a small amount of sodium hydrogen carbonate to ethanoic acid,carbon dioxide gas is evolved with brisk effervescence. Howerver, no such reaction is noticed in case of ethanol. `CH_(3)COOH+NaHCO_(3)toCH_(3)COONa+CO_(2)+H_(2)O` (ii) Action with caustic alkalies. Ethanoic reacts with both sodium hydroxide `(NaOH)` and potassium hydroxide (KOH) to form corresponding salt and water. Ethanol fails to reactwith either of these. `CH_(3)COOH+NaOHtoCH_(3)COONa+H_(2)O` `CH_(3)COOH+KOHtoCH_(3)COOK+H_(2)O`

Step 1: In Ethanoic acid ( CH 3 COOH ) carboxyl group is present which represents that the compound has a carboxylic functional group. In Ethanol ( CH 3 CH 2 OH ) hydroxyl group is present which represents that the compound has an alcohol functional group. Step 2: The chemical test to distinguish between Ethanoic acid and Ethanol: Sodium bicarbonate test ( NaHCO 3 ) : In the Sodium bicarbonate test, Sodium bicarbonate is added to the sample of organic acid. After some time Sodium bicarbonate reacts with the acid sample to evolve Carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ) gas. Ethanoic acid reacts with Sodium bicarbonate to form Carbon dioxide with effervescence. CH 3 COOH ( aq ) + NaHCO 3 ( s ) → CH 3 COONa ( aq ) + CO 2 ( g ) + H 2 O ( l ) ( Ethanoic ( Sodium ( Sodium acetate ) ( Carbon ( Water ) acid ) bicarbonate ) dioxide ) But, Ethanol does not give any reaction with Sodium bicarbonate.

Ethanol and Ethanoic Acid: These are the two commercially essential carbon compounds. The chemical formula of Ethanol is \(\). Ethanol is colourless and exists as a liquid state at room temperature. The functional group present in Ethanol is ‘alcohol’. Ethanol is a good solvent. It is used as beverages, antiseptics, and in medicines like Tincture of Iodine, tonic, cough syrup, etc. On the other hand, ethanoic acid is also a colourless liquid. It is commonly known as ‘acetic acid’. Its aqueous solution turns blue litmus red, showing that it is acidic. The functional group present in ethanoic acid is ‘carboxylic acid’. In this article, let us learn about all these concepts in detail. Continue reading this article and brush up your understanding of these concepts. Ethanol and Ethanoic Acid in Chemistry Both Ethanol and Ethanoic acid are widely used in chemistry, performing numerous chemical reactions. Let’s learn about some significant chemical properties of these two carbon compounds: Chemical Properties of Ethanol The chemical properties of ethanol are discussed below: 1. Oxidation Reaction of Ethanol to Ethanoic acid Ethanol on oxidation leads to the formation of Ethanoic acid in the presence of a strong oxidising agent like potassium permanganate under acidic conditions. 2. The reaction of Ethanol with Sodium When a small piece of Sodium is dropped into a container of Ethanol, it reacts steadily to form a colourless solution of sodium ethoxide and give off bubbles of hydr...

Difference in physical properties: Ethanol Ethanoic acid This is in liquid form at room temperature. Its melting point is 156° K. Its melting point is 290K and hence it often freezes during winter in cold climates. Difference in chemical properties Ethanol will not react with metallic carbo­nates. Ethanoic acid reacts with carbo­nates and Hydrogen carbonate and forms salts, carbon dioxide and water.