Introduction to computer

A computer is an electronic machine that processes raw data and outputs information. An electronic device that takes data as input and transforms it using a set of special instructions known as Programs to produce the desired output. A computer has an internal memory that stores data and instructions that are temporarily awaiting processing, as well as the intermediate result (information) before it is communicated to the recipients via the Output devices Computer What Does the Computer Require in Order to be Operational? A Computer requires hardware devices and an operating system in order to be operational. 1. Hardware Devices • Monitor: It is a big television-like screen. It is an output device where you see what is happening on the computer. • Keyboard: It is an input device. It is a way of giving commands to a computer with the help of keys over it. • Central Processing Unit (CPU): It is a processing unit.It is considered the brain of the computer as it can’t perform any activity without CPU. • Mouse: It is an input device. This is the alternate method for cooperating with your PC. Most mice have two buttons — a right and a left button — and a looking over wheel. Operating System PCs without an OS are precisely similar to TVs without a signal. They will turn on, yet you will be checking a clear screen out without any desire to collaborate with it. The most famous working framework is "Microsoft Windows," and it is used by most PC. The OS acts as the sensory system of ...

If you're reading this right now, you're using a computer. Maybe it's a laptop, maybe a desktop computer, or perhaps even a smartphone. They may look different, but they all share the same underlying technology. The more we understand how that technology works, the more we can use the computers around us to help make our world better. Binary code works with base-2, which means that a binary digit, when on, will give you a value of 2^n, where n is the place you are in. For example, if you are working with a 4 bit chunk, 0000, the places represent 2^3, 2^2, 2^1, and 2^0 from right to left. Having a 1 in a place means that you add its value to the total. For example, 1011 is 8+2+1 or 11. Computers use these added up values to represent different things, such as in ASCII, where different numbers represent different characters. If you are wondering why we use 1s and 0s, it has to do with logic gates being only currently able of having an on or off position, with 1 being on and 0 being off.

Lesson 1: History of Computers Throughout time, humans have invented ingenious calculating machines. One of the earliest was the abacus, which is about 5,000 years old. It wasn’t until the 1600s that mechanical calculators were invented that could add and multiply (but not subtract). In 1820, Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar invented the arithmometer, a machine that could add, subtract, multiply, and divide. It was Charles Babbage though, in the mid-1800s, who designed mechanical calculating machines that would become the true ancestors of today’s computers. Ada Byron King (the Countess of Lovelace) worked closely with Babbage and is today considered to be the mother of computer programming. Babbage did create a design for his ultimate calculator, the Analytical Engine, but it was never finished. However, it did anticipate the four components essential to modern computing: The only problem with Babbage’s (and other) mechanical calculators was that they were mechanical. The moving parts they relied on were slow and subject to failure. What makes modern computers possible are Lesson 2: Four Components of Computer Processing A computer processes information. A toaster processes bread. Although it’s a simpler device, a toaster is a good way to demonstrate the four components of computer processing: • Input: You put a slice of bread into a toaster. • Storage: The toaster keeps the bread inside the toaster. • Processing: The toaster toasts the bread. • Output: The toast pops out,...

RAM stands for random access RAM is stored on the motherboard in modules that are called DIMMs. DIMM stands for dual inline memory module. A DIMM is a dual inline module because it has two independent rows of these pins, one on each side. A dim memory module has either 168, 184, 240, or 288 pins, and then the dim is installed on the motherboard in the memory slots. A motherboard can have various number of memory slots. The average motherboard will have between 2 and 4 of them. about Difference between RAM and ROM Definition: SDRAM stands for Synchronous Dynamic Random Access SDRAM operates more efficiently as it works according to the synchronization of the clock. This makes it easy to manage faster, and the speed of the SDRAM measured in MHz instead of nanoseconds. SDRAM introduced in 1969-70. It most widely used in computers. Nowadays it is also used in other systems. about What is SDRAM (synchronous DRAM)? – Definition Definition: EEPROM ( pronounce as “E-E-PROM” ) stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable It is a non-volatile ROM chip which used for storing a small amount of data in computers or some other electronic devices. Through EEPROM, an individual byte of data can erase and reprogrammed entirety, not selectively by the electrical voltage. about What is EEPROM? – Definition In terms of computing’s history, we’re just beginning to scratch the surface of the lifestyle applications of touch-sensitive gadgets. In this article, we’ll take a look at two of the mos...