James hargreaves

The creation of the following ingenious machines made possible the mass production of high-quality cotton and woolen thread and yarn and helped transform Great Britain into the world’s leading manufacturer of textiles in the second half of the 18th century. The spinning jenny. About 1764 The water frame. So called because it was powered by a The spinning mule. About 1779 • The steam engine Through its application in manufacturing and as a power source in ships and railway locomotives, the Watt’s steam engine. In Britain in the 17th century, primitive steam engines were used to pump water out of mines. In 1765 Scottish inventor The steam locomotive. British engineer Active (later renamed the Locomotion), designed by English engineer Rocket, which achieved a speed of 36 miles (58 km) per hour. Steamboats and steamships. Steamboats and other steamships were pioneered in France, Britain, and the United States in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The first commercially successful paddle steamer, the North River Steamboat, designed by American engineer Savannah, an American sailing ship with an auxiliary steam-powered paddle. It sailed from Savannah, Georgia, to Liverpool in a little more than 27 days, though its paddle operated for only 85 hours of the voyage. By the second half of the 19th century, ever larger and faster steamships were regularly carrying passengers, cargo, and mail across the North Atlantic, a service dubbed “the Atlantic Ferry.” • Harnessing electricit...